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. 2021 Nov 17;12:751372. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.751372

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Copyright © 2021 Qiu, Xu, Wang, Zhou and Hong.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Hypothetical models on the action of cell wall modifying proteins. (A) A simplified schematic depicting the structure of the primary cell wall. (B) The potential action mechanisms of different cell wall modifying proteins. PMEs, pectin methylesterases; PELs, pectate lyases; PGs, polygalacturonases; PAEs, pectin acetyl esterases, XTHs, xyloglucan endotransglucosylases/hydrolases; XXTs, xylosyltransferases; EGases, endo-1,4-β-glucanases.