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. 2021 Nov 17;12:714664. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.714664

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Copyright © 2021 Mueller, Snidman, DiCorcia and Tronick.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Changes in infant heart rate. (A) Infant average heart rate throughout the five CASP episodes by group. There was a significant increase in heart rate from play 1 (E1) to the second play (E3) for infant's who's mothers were in the caretaker-stress condition [F_{(1, 102)} = 9.81, p = 0.002]. (B) Comparison of the change in infant average heart rate during play 1 (E1), before caretaker manipulation, and play 2 (E3), after the caretaker manipulation, by group (caretaker-stress or caretaker control condition) [F_{(1, 102)} = 9.81, p = 0.002]. p < 0.01***.