Table 2.

Incremental validity of trait factors significantly associated with the impostor phenomenon and sandbagging behavior.

	Model 1			Model 2
Criterion	Impostor phenomenon			Sandbagging behavior
Step	β	p		β	p
1. Age	−0.13	0.008		−0.21	0.001
Gender	0.07	0.151		0.07	0.273
Self-esteem	−0.37	<0.001		−0.23	0.005
Neuroticism	0.25	<0.001		0.11	0.133
Extraversion	−0.01	0.771		−0.02	0.714
Agreeableness	−0.04	0.365		−0.01	0.981
Conscientiousness	−0.15	0.004		−0.15	0.039
Self-oriented perfectionism	0.09	0.092		0.21	0.003
Socially prescribed perfectionism	0.21	<0.001		0.17	0.021
R2 corrected	0.63	<0.001		0.35	<0.001
2. Age	−0.04	0.319		−0.12	0.028
Gender	0.04	0.318		0.02	0.709
Self-esteem	−0.28	<0.001		0.04	0.588
Neuroticism	0.21	<0.001		−0.07	0.259
Extraversion	−0.01	0.913		−0.01	0.804
Agreeableness	−0.04	0.289		0.03	0.579
Conscientiousness	−0.09	0.041		−0.04	0.547
Self-oriented perfectionism	0.01	0.923		0.14	0.017
Socially prescribed perfectionism	0.14	0.002		0.01	0.824
Sandbagging	0.41	<0.001	IP	0.72	<0.001
R2 corrected	0.75	<0.001		0.54	<0.001
change in F	82.61	<0.001		82.61	<0.001

In regression model 1, the impostor phenomenon (left columns), and in regression model 2, the sandbagging construct (right columns) was regressed on age, gender, and the personality factors self-esteem, neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, self-oriented perfectionism, and socially prescribed perfectionism in step 1 of the regression. In step 2, additionally the sandbagging (model 1) and the impostor phenomenon (IP), respectively, was included (N=209).