Figure 3. A memory of an individual is reorganized when an object family is introduced.

(a, c) Trial-by-trial anticipatory forces, as in Figure 2a and c, in a ‘reverse’ condition in which the outlier object was learned during the initial training phase, and the family objects were only introduced from trial cycle 31. Hence, we refer to these as +Linear and ++Linear. As the training phase trial cycles contained only one trial (the outlier), for clarity, the abscissa scale is compressed. After the test phase, in a ‘1:1’ phase the test object was presented four times in each trial cycle (rather than once as in the test phase), with each family member presented once (eight trials per cycle) such that the participant experienced the test object as often as a family member. For the 1:1 phase, we excluded trials from analysis in which the outlier object followed itself. (b, d) Average anticipatory forces at the end of the test phase, as in Figure 2b and d, but here plotted by volume.