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. 2021 Nov 15;12:758161. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.758161

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Copyright © 2021 Lee, Im, Park, Jeong, Park, Yoon, Park and Han.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Lp.LTAs have different anti-biofilm activity on S. gordonii. Total of four strains of S. gordonii, including (A,E) a laboratory (CH1) and (B–D,F–H) three clinically isolated strains (KCOM 1967, KCOM 2106, and KCOM 2867), were grown on 96-well plates in the presence or absence of the indicated concentrations of (A–D) various Lp.LTA or (E–H) LRCC 5310 Lp.LTA at 37°C for 24h. After the incubation, biofilm formations were determined by crystal violet staining assay as described in Materials and Methods. Biofilm formation is presented as percentage change±standard deviation of triplicates against the non-treatment group set as 100%. (E–H) After collecting the biofilm, it was serially diluted and incubated on the THY agar plate at 37°C for 48h, and CFU formation was examined. Asterisk (*) indicates statistical significance at p<0.05 between the non-treatment and each Lp.LTA treatment groups.