Table 2.
Questionnaires results for the total sample (mean ± SD), and comparison data between good and bad sleepers (mean ± SD, p-value, and d-Effect size)
| Variable | Mean ± SD | Good sleeper n = 15 | Bad sleeper n = 43 | F |
CI (LCI)–(UCI) |
p | d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSQI Total score | 8.3 ± 4.6 | 3 ± 1.4 | 10.2 ± 3.7 | 27.8 | (− 8.9)–(− 5.0) | < 0.001 | 2.2 |
| PAS | 4.5 ± 3.0 | 6.1 ± 2.9 | 3.9 ± 2.9 | 3.8 | (0.9)–(3.8) | 0.040 | 0.8 |
| MFI General fatigue | 13.3 ± 3.9 | 11.3 ± 4.3 | 14.1 ± 3.5 | 2.5 | (− 5.3)–(− 0.2) | 0.032 | − 0.8 |
| HADS | |||||||
| Total score | 12.5 ± 7.5 | 6.9 ± 4.7 | 14.5 ± 7.4 | 5.6 | (− 12.3)–(− 3) | 0.002 | 1.1 |
| Anxiety | 7.1 ± 4.3 | 4.0 ± 3.0 | 8.2 ± 4.2 | 5.1 | (− 6.8)–(− 1.5) | 0.003 | 1.1 |
| Depression | 5.4 ± 4.2 | 2.9 ± 2.5 | 6.3 ± 4.4 | 3.7 | (− 6.1)–(− 0.8) | 0.011 | 0.8 |
| EORTC-QOL-30 | |||||||
| Global health status | 41.8 ± 27.4 | 53.3 ± 28.1 | 37.8 ± 26.3 | 1.5 | (− 2.3)–(33.1) | 0.088 | 0.6 |
| Physical functioning | 70.9 ± 25.7 | 77.3 ± 27.0 | 68.8 ± 25.2 | 0.5 | (− 9.9)–(25.9) | 0.372 | 0.3 |
| Role functioning | 46.4 ± 37.1 | 62.2 ± 37.0 | 40.4 ± 35.8 | 1.9 | (− 4.2)–(43.9) | 0.103 | 0.6 |
| Emotional functioning | 53.4 ± 27.6 | 72.8 ± 21.7 | 46.7 ± 26.4 | 4.5 | (8.4)–(42.6) | 0.004 | 1.0 |
| Cognitive functioning | 76.8 ± 21.5 | 85.6 ± 18.8 | 73.6 ± 21.7 | 0.9 | (− 4.9)–(23.1) | 0.199 | 0.6 |
| Social functioning | 41.1 ± 33.9 | 46.7 ± 34.6 | 39.1 ± 33.9 | 1.5 | (− 6.3)–(37.4) | 0.159 | 0.2 |
| Fatigue | 61.1 ± 31.9 | 46.7 ± 33.1 | 66.2 ± 30.2 | 1.8 | (− 39.7)–(1.4) | 0.067 | − 0.6 |
| Nausea and vomiting | 12.0 ± 17.7 | 7.8 ± 15.3 | 13.5 ± 18.5 | 1.8 | (− 16.3)–(6.8) | 0.413 | − 0.3 |
| Pain | 35.6 ± 34.1 | 13.3 ± 29.0 | 43.4 ± 32.6 | 3.8 | (− 46.5)–(− 6.4) | 0.011 | − 0.9 |
| Dyspnea | 47.4 ± 41.3 | 40 ± 40.2 | 50.0 ± 41.8 | 0.3 | (− 37.3)–(16.6) | 0.445 | –0.2 |
| Insomnia | 46.8 ± 34.4 | 15.5 ± 30.5 | 57.9 ± 28.6 | 9.7 | (− 59.8)–(− 21.6) | < 0.001 | − 1.5 |
| Appetite loss | 33.3 ± 36.2 | 20 ± 32.9 | 38.1 ± 36.5 | 1.2 | (− 38.5)–(8.5) | 0.207 | − 0.5 |
| Constipation | 27.5 ± 35.7 | 13.3 ± 30.4 | 32.5 ± 36.4 | 1.1 | (− 37.7)–(7.3) | 0.181 | − 0.6 |
| Diarrhea | 16.1 ± 23.6 | 6.7 ± 18.7 | 19.4 ± 24.4 | 1.8 | (− 27.7)–(1.6) | 0.080 | − 0.6 |
| Financial difficulties | 22.8 ± 32.8 | 11.1 ± 24.1 | 27.0 ± 34.7 | 1.4 | (− 34)–(6.9) | 0.190 | − 0.5 |
PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PAS, Physical Activity Scale; MFI, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; EORTC QLQ-C30, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer – Quality of life; Bold, statistically significant.