Table 3.
Correlations between meditation-related adverse effects with demographic, meditation practice, and psychological variables
| Any adverse effect | MRAES-MBP total | Any impairment | Impairment >1 day | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | r | p | p FDR | r | p | p FDR | r | p | p FDR | r | p | p FDR |
| Age | −.12 | .012* | .173 | −.23 | <.001*** | <.001*** | −.11 | .025* | .322 | −.02 | .622 | .999 |
| Male | −.03 | .540 | .999 | .03 | .508 | .999 | −.02 | .746 | .999 | −.07 | .176 | .999 |
| Non-Hispanic White | .02 | .750 | .999 | −.18 | <.001*** | .002** | −.01 | .893 | .999 | −.06 | .194 | .999 |
| Bachelor’s degree | −.07 | .167 | .999 | −.08 | .114 | .999 | −.14 | .004** | .057 | −.05 | .254 | .999 |
| Low income | .10 | .045* | .539 | .07 | .141 | .999 | .18 | <.001*** | .002** | .09 | .050 | .803 |
| Years since first exposure | −.01 | .898 | .999 | −.05 | .313 | .999 | −.01 | .802 | .999 | .04 | .375 | .999 |
| App first exposure | .06 | .184 | .999 | .06 | .251 | .999 | .16 | .001** | .013* | .20 | <.001*** | .001** |
| App ever exposure | .09 | .070 | .715 | .02 | .605 | .999 | .00 | .977 | .999 | .00 | .975 | .999 |
| Any meditation in the past 30 days | .12 | .012* | .173 | .15 | .001** | .020* | .05 | .326 | .999 | .12 | .010* | .183 |
| Lifetime meditation hours continuous | .10 | .041* | .539 | .14 | .004** | .047* | .03 | .479 | .999 | .10 | .038* | .654 |
| Concentration practice | .05 | .267 | .999 | .04 | .462 | .999 | .05 | .345 | .999 | .00 | .967 | .999 |
| Insight practice | .09 | .065 | .715 | .04 | .398 | .999 | .09 | .068 | .678 | −.02 | .744 | .999 |
| Residential retreat | .01 | .896 | .999 | .09 | .062 | .679 | .11 | .019* | .263 | .08 | .079 | .999 |
| PROMIS Depression in the last week | .16 | .001** | .018* | .18 | <.001*** | .004** | .15 | .001** | .022* | .09 | .063 | .952 |
| PROMIS Anxiety in the last week | .15 | .002** | .032* | .14 | .004** | .047* | .10 | .032* | .379 | .08 | .097 | .999 |
| NIH Toolbox Loneliness in the last week | .19 | <.001*** | .001** | .17 | <.001*** | .005** | .10 | .037* | .402 | .06 | .219 | .999 |
| Adverse Childhood Experiences | .19 | <.001*** | .002** | .19 | <.001*** | .001** | .15 | .002** | .031* | .05 | .323 | .999 |
| Socially Desirable Response Set | .03 | .582 | .999 | −.03 | .486 | .999 | .03 | .589 | .999 | −.01 | .893 | .999 |
| Glad to have practiced meditation | −.05 | .283 | .999 | −.02 | .622 | .999 | −.07 | .141 | .999 | .03 | .559 | .999 |
Note: MRAES-MBP = Meditation-Related Adverse Effects Scale – Mindfulness-Based Program; App first exposure = first exposure to meditation through a smartphone app; App ever exposure = ever having been exposed to meditation through a smartphone app; Weekly days of meditation = average days of meditation per week in the past 30 days; Lifetime meditation hours continuous = 0 to 10 (1), 11–100 (2), 101+ (3); PROMIS = Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System; NIH = National Institutes of Health.