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. 2021 Nov 18;12:779801. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.779801

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Copyright © 2021 Gomes, Herz, Helmig, Förster, Mewis and Lamy.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cytotoxicity and ROS production of Salix cortex extracts in differentiated HepaRG cells. ATP levels were analysed after (A) 24 h (B) 48 h of extract treatment. n = 3 (C) LDH cell release was measured after 24 h extract treatment. 0.2% Triton-X was used as positive control (PC). n = 4 (D, E) ROS production was measured by EPR spectroscopy after (D) 1 h or (E) 24 h of extract treatment. 200 μM menadione for 30 min. was used as positive control (PC). n = 3. The values are presented as means + SD. Ordinary one-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis, followed by a Dunnett test versus solvent control (SC: 0.5% destilled water) group. **p < 0.01.