Table 3.
Regulation of lncRNAs on stemness of GC cells
| lncRNAs | Expression | Mechanisms of actions | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| MALAT1 | up | the knockdown of MALAT1 reduces the stemness of non-adherent GC cells, whereas MALAT1 overexpression enhances the stemness of adherent GC cells. Mechanistically, MALAT1 upregulates the expression of the master stemness factor sox2 by enhancing its mRNA stability | Xiao et al.141 |
| MACC1-AS1 | down | the overexpression of MACC1-AS1 promotes the stemness of GC cells by upregulating the expression levels of stemness genes (e.g., OCT4 and sox2) in a FAO pathway-dependent manner | He et al.147 |
| PTCSC3 | down | PTCSC3 overexpression reduces the stemness of GC cells through cooperating with lncRNA Linc-pint | Hong et al.148 |
| THOR | up | silencing THOR decreases the stemness of GC cells with the downregulation of stemness marker expression and the formation of spheroid cells. Mechanistically, the knockdown of THOR downregulates SOX9 expression by decreasing its mRNA stability | Song et al.142 |
| LOXL1-AS1 | up | LOXL1-AS1 increases the expression of USF1 by targeting miR-708-5p, leading to an enhancement of the stemness marker SOX2 transcription | Sun et al.149 |
| HCP5 | the overexpression of HCP5 in GC cells upregulates the expression of stemness genes and increases the rate of CD44+ and CD133+ GC cells. Mechanistically, HCP5 promotes the stemness of GC cells by sponging miR-3619-5p | Wu et al.145 | |
| ROR | up | ROR overexpression upregulates the expression of core stemness transcriptional factors in gastric CSCs, including OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and CD133, whereas the knockdown of ROR reverses their expression | Wang et al.144 |
| SNHG11 | up | SNHG11 promotes cell stemness in GC by upregulating the expression of CTNNB1 and ATG12 via sponging miR-483-3p/miR-1276 | Wu et al.4 |
| ASB16-AS1 | up | ASB16-AS1 enhances the stem cell-like characteristics of GC cells. Mechanistically, ASB16-AS1 promotes the expression of TRIM37 by sponging miR-3918 and miR4676-3p and the phosphorylation of TRIM37 by activating the NF-κB pathway | Fu et al.85 |
| LINC01559 | down | LINC01559 promotes the stemness of GC cells. Mechanistically, LINC01559 upregulates PGK1 expression by sponging miR-1343-3p and downregulates PTEN expression by promoting the methylation of the PTEN promoter, leading to the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway | Wang et al.57 |
| SNHG3 | up | the overexpression of SNHG3 increases the stemness of GC cells, whereas SNHG3 knockdown has the opposite effect. Mechanistically, SNHG3 promotes ARL2 expression by directly targeting miR-3619-5p | Sun et al.150 |