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. 2021 Oct 6;3(6):e200267. doi: 10.1148/ryai.2021200267

Figure 3:

(A) Structural similarity index measures (SSIMs) under cascading randomization of modules on InceptionV3 for the SIIM-ACR Pneumothorax Segmentation dataset and RSNA Pneumonia Detection Challenge dataset. Note that the colored dotted lines correspond to the randomization baseline for each saliency map, which were generated by the average SSIMs of 50 randomly chosen pairs of saliency maps pertaining to the fully trained model; a saliency model successfully reaches degradation if it goes below its corresponding randomization baseline. (B) Example image from RSNA pneumonia detection dataset to visualize saliency map degradation from cascading randomization. “Logits” refers to the logit layer (final layer) of the InceptionV3 model, and layer blocks 1 through 10 refer to blocks mixed 1 through mixed 10 in the original InceptionV3 architecture. ACR = American College of Radiology, GBP = guided backpropagation, GCAM = gradient-weighted class activation mapping, GGCAM = guided GCAM, GRAD = gradient explanation, IG = integrated gradients, Orig = original, RSNA = Radiological Society of North America, SG = Smoothgrad, SIG = smooth IG, SIIM = Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine.

(A) Structural similarity index measures (SSIMs) under cascading randomization of modules on InceptionV3 for the SIIM-ACR Pneumothorax Segmentation dataset and RSNA Pneumonia Detection Challenge dataset. Note that the colored dotted lines correspond to the randomization baseline for each saliency map, which were generated by the average SSIMs of 50 randomly chosen pairs of saliency maps pertaining to the fully trained model; a saliency model successfully reaches degradation if it goes below its corresponding randomization baseline. (B) Example image from RSNA pneumonia detection dataset to visualize saliency map degradation from cascading randomization. “Logits” refers to the logit layer (final layer) of the InceptionV3 model, and layer blocks 1 through 10 refer to blocks mixed 1 through mixed 10 in the original InceptionV3 architecture. ACR = American College of Radiology, GBP = guided backpropagation, GCAM = gradient-weighted class activation mapping, GGCAM = guided GCAM, GRAD = gradient explanation, IG = integrated gradients, Orig = original, RSNA = Radiological Society of North America, SG = Smoothgrad, SIG = smooth IG, SIIM = Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine.