Table 2.
Changes in measured variables of the finishers during two ultra-endurance mountain races of different distances: 69km, 4,260m elevation-gain vs. 121km, 7,554m elevation-gain (n=11 and n=7 for the short and the long distance, respectively).
| Short distance | Long distance | p (ES) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | %changes | Pre | Post | %changes | Differences of %changes between short and long | |
| Body mass (kg) | 73.0 ± 7.0 | 70.7 ± 6.7 | −3.1 ± 1.3* | 79.0 ± 8.8 | 76.9 ± 8.6 | −2.7 ± 2.0* | 0.553 (0.24) |
| Resistance (Ω) | 450.9 ± 42.2 | 454.3 ± 41.4 | 0.8 ± 3.5 | 463.1 ± 30.4 | 450.2 ± 25.2 | −2.5 ± 7.2 | 0.206 (0.58) |
| Reactance (Ω) | 54.8 ± 6.4 | 60.6 ± 6.9 | 10.7 ± 4.3* | 57.3 ± 4.0 | 56.0 ± 4.1 | −1.7 ± 11.7 | 0.005 (1.41) |
| Phase angle (°) | 6.95 ± 0.66 | 7.62 ± 0.70 | 9.8 ± 2.7* | 7.04 ± 0.26 | 7.20 ± 0.41 | 2.2 ± 4.8 | 0.001 (1.95) |
| WBC count (103/μl) | 6.96 ± 1.87 | 16.79 ± 4.04 | 147.5 ± 59.2* | 6.38 ± 1.18 | 14.69 ± 2.45 | 131.6 ± 21.7* | 0.434 (0.36) |
| RBC count (106/μl) | 5.02 ± 0.33 | 5.23 ± 0.40 | 4.1 ± 4.1* | 4.88 ± 0.33 | 4.81 ± 0.43 | −1.7 ± 4.1 | 0.010 (1.41) |
| Hb (g/dl) | 14.8 ± 0.7 | 15.4 ± 0.9 | 3.6 ± 3.8* | 14.5 ± 1.0 | 14.3 ± 1.0 | −1.8 ± 3.3 | 0.006 (1.52) |
| Hct (%) | 44.7 ± 2.1 | 45.7 ± 2.4 | 2.2 ± 4.8 | 43.9 ± 2.2 | 42.7 ± 3.1 | −2.7 ± 5.6 | 0.067 (0.94) |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 142.9 ± 1.9 | 143.7 ± 2.1 | 0.6 ± 2.1 | 142.0 ± 1.7 | 142.6 ± 4.2 | 0.4 ± 2.7 | 0.870 (0.08) |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.96 ± 0.21 | 3.92 ± 0.42 | −0.9 ± 9.1 | 3.97 ± 0.42 | 3.89 ± 0.23 | −1.4 ± 9.7 | 0.911 (0.05) |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 26.1 ± 2.2 | 23.1 ± 2.6 | −10.9 ± 13.2* | 25.1 ± 2.0 | 21.7 ± 2.8 | −13.3 ± 12.4* | 0.705 (0.19) |
| UREA (mg/dl) | 30.3 ± 5.8 | 48.4 ± 6.0 | 65.2 ± 37.5* | 36.7 ± 12.6 | 74.3 ± 31.3 | 106.6 ± 60.4* | 0.090 (0.82) |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 99.6 ± 8.6 | 117.4 ± 22.6 | 18.3 ± 23.3* | 97.9 ± 5.3 | 109.6 ± 12.0 | 12.2 ± 12.8* | 0.541 (0.32) |
| Ketones (mmol/L) | 0.21 ± 0.05 | 0.40 ± 0.12 | 110.6 ± 131.3* | 0.29 ± 0.11 | 0.57 ± 0.17 | 132.9 ± 122.0* | 0.724 (0.18) |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.69 ± 059. | 3.72 ± 1.76 | 142.2 ± 134.9* | 1.46 ± 0.50 | 1.75 ± 0.76 | 29.3 ± 66.8 | 0.032 (1.06) |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 180.2 ± 102.4 | 1,741.7 ± 1,269.6 | 1,012.4 ± 827.4* | 151.0 ± 57.3 | 5,083.6 ± 3,782.8 | 3,304.2 ± 2,286.4* | 0.007 (1.33) |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 1.92 ± 0.51 | 51.05 ± 19.55 | 2,769.1 ± 1,315.9* | 2.44 ± 0.88 | 61.93 ± 58.12 | 2,208.8 ± 1,216.7* | 0.378 (0.44) |
| Copeptin (pmol/L) | 7.66 ± 2.76 | 27.82 ± 12.76 | 313.7 ± 248.6* | 8.75 ± 2.13 | 26.28 ± 13.71 | 214.6 ± 155.5* | 0.362 (0.48) |
| Reactive Oxygen Species (μmol/min) | 0.172 ± 0.010 | 0.205 ± 0.013 | 19.8 ± 6.2* | 0.174 ± 0.014 | 0.206 ± 0.008 | 19.2 ± 9.1* | 0.870 (0.08) |
| Osmolality (mOsm/kg) | 286.1 ± 3.0 | 292.2 ± 5.8 | 2.1 ± 2.4* | 284.4 ± 3.7 | 293.6 ± 11.8 | 3.2 ± 3.7 | 0.465 (0.35) |
| Osmole gap (mOsm/kg) | 9.6 ± 5.2 | 10.9 ± 4.1 | 28.4 ± 54.2 | 8.8 ± 1.7 | 9.9 ± 3.8 | 19.3 ± 50.1 | 0.724 (0.17) |
Effect size (Cohens’d), ES; hematocrit, Hct; hemoglobin concentration, Hb; red blood cell count, RBC; with blood cell count, WBC. Bold indicates a p<0.05; Italic indicates 0.05<p<0.10.
*
Indicates significant differences from pre to post.