Table 3.
Changes in measured variables of the finishers and non-finishers of the long mountain ultra-marathon running race (n=7 and n=8 for the finishers and the non-finishers, respectively).
| Finishers | Non-finishers | p (ES) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | post | %changes | Pre | Post | %changes | Differences of %changes between finishers and non-finishers | |
| Body mass (kg) | 79.0 ± 8.8 | 76.9 ± 8.6 | −2.7 ± 2.0* | 69.3 ± 5.4# | 68.9 ± 4.8 | −0.6 ± 1.5 | 0.041 (1.19) |
| Resistance (Ω) | 463.1 ± 30.4 | 450.2 ± 25.2 | −2.5 ± 7.2 | 473.9 ± 23.3 | 458.8 ± 33.2 | −3.2 ± 4.8 | 0.827 (0.11) |
| Reactance (Ω) | 57.3 ± 4.0 | 56.0 ± 4.1 | −1.7 ± 11.7 | 58.1 ± 5.8 | 58.0 ± 6.4 | −0.1 ± 7.5 | 0.752 (0.16) |
| Phase angle (°) | 7.04 ± 0.26 | 7.20 ± 0.41 | 2.2 ± 4.8 | 6.98 ± 0.52 | 7.16 ± 0.40 | 2.9 ± 5.8 | 0.809 (0.13) |
| WBC count (103/μl) | 6.38 ± 1.18 | 14.69 ± 2.45 | 131.6 ± 21.7* | 5.90 ± 1.25 | 11.65 ± 2.14 | 104.1 ± 55.1* | 0.238 (0.66) |
| RBC count (106/μl) | 4.88 ± 0.33 | 4.81 ± 0.43 | −1.7 ± 4.1 | 5.09 ± 0.32 | 5.08 ± 0.34 | −0.1 ± 4.9 | 0.513 (0.35) |
| Hb (g/dl) | 14.5 ± 1.0 | 14.3 ± 1.0 | −1.8 ± 3.3 | 14.9 ± 0.9 | 14.5 ± 0.7 | −2.2 ± 5.9 | 0.881 (0.08) |
| Hct (%) | 43.9 ± 2.2 | 42.7 ± 3.1 | −2.7 ± 5.6 | 44.6 ± 2.2 | 44.3 ± 2.4 | −0.6 ± 4.9 | 0.461 (0.40) |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 142.0 ± 1.7 | 142.6 ± 4.2 | 0.4 ± 2.7 | 142.5 ± 2.9 | 140.6 ± 2.3 | −1.3 ± 1.8 | 0.170 (0.74) |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.97 ± 0.42 | 3.89 ± 0.23 | −1.4 ± 9.7 | 3.94 ± 0.24 | 3.84 ± 0.38 | −2.5 ± 7.9 | 0.817 (0.12) |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 25.1 ± 2.0 | 21.7 ± 2.8 | −13.3 ± 12.4* | 27.4 ± 2.4 | 25.1 ± 2.2 | −8.1 ± 5.2* | 0.336 (0.55) |
| UREA (mg/dl) | 36.7 ± 12.6 | 74.3 ± 31.3 | 106.6 ± 60.4* | 37.1 ± 10.0 | 45.4 ± 15.9 | 23.8 ± 45.0 | 0.010 (1.55) |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 97.9 ± 5.3 | 109.6 ± 12.0 | 12.2 ± 12.8* | 95.8 ± 8.6 | 112.1 ± 23.5 | 16.8 ± 19.4 | 0.597 (0.28) |
| Ketones (mmol/L) | 0.29 ± 0.11 | 0.57 ± 0.17 | 132.9 ± 122.0* | 0.19 ± 0.04# | 0.65 ± 0.70 | 237.5 ± 343.0 | 0.459 (0.41) |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.46 ± 0.50 | 1.75 ± 0.76 | 29.3 ± 66.8 | 1.34 ± 0.63 | 1.46 ± 0.64 | 20.8 ± 56.1 | 0.792 (0.14) |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 151.0 ± 57.3 | 5,083.6 ± 3,782.8 | 3,304.2 ± 2,286.4* | 201.3 ± 152.3 | 2,218.9 ± 2,045.3 | 1,306.8 ± 1,151.0* | 0.048 (1.10) |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/ml) | 2.44 ± 0.88 | 61.93 ± 58.12 | 2,208.8 ± 1,216.7* | 2.08 ± 0.66 | 24.3 ± 11.88* | 1,157.3 ± 722.6* | 0.059 (1.05) |
| Copeptin (pmol/L) | 8.75 ± 2.13 | 26.28 ± 13.71 | 214.6 ± 155.5* | 4.57 ± 2.38# | 25.25 ± 6.50* | 599.6 ± 469.9* | 0.060 (1.10) |
| Reactive Oxygen Species (μmol/min) | 0.174 ± 0.014 | 0.206 ± 0.008 | 19.2 ± 9.1* | 0.172 ± 0.013 | 0.199 ± 0.018* | 15.8 ± 8.5* | 0.476 (0.39) |
| Osmolality (mOsm/kg) | 284.4 ± 3.7 | 293.6 ± 11.8 | 3.2 ± 3.7 | 287.6 ± 5.0 | 285.8 ± 1.7 | −0.6 ± 1.8 | 0.021 (1.31) |
| Osmole gap (mOsm/kg) | 8.8 ± 1.7 | 9.9 ± 3.8 | 19.3 ± 50.1 | 11.1 ± 4.3 | 10.4 ± 2.6 | 8.6 ± 50.0 | 0.687 (0.21) |
Effect size (Cohens’d), ES; hematocrit, Hct; hemoglobin concentration, Hb; red blood cell count, RBC; with blood cell count, WBC. Bold indicates a p<0.05; Italic indicates 0.05<p<0.10.
*
Indicates significant changes from pre to post.
#
Indicates significant pre-differences between groups.