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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 2.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Biomed Eng. 2019 Dec 6;48(7):2078–2089. doi: 10.1007/s10439-019-02429-4

Figure 1.

Figure 1

SPR approaches for kinetics and affinity measurements. (a) Traditional SPR compared to the cell-based SPR approaches, (b) injected cell analysis (ICA) and (c) immobilized target cell (ITC) appraches.