TABLE 7.

The improved properties and biosensing applications of different nanocellulose-based composites.

Reinforcement material	Synthetic strategy	Improved/added properties	Applications	References
Poly aniline and carbon nanotubes	Ex-situ	Thermal stability, electrical conductivity	Biosensors, solar cells, bio-electronic devices	Jasim et al. (2017)
Carbon nanotubes and poly (ethylene imine)	Ex-situ	Sites for phage immobilization, Mechanical strength, conductivity, antibacterial activity, stability of the sensor	Biosensing	Farooq et al. (2020)
CNC and GO	Ex-situ	Proximity sensing ability	Optoelectronic sensing devices	Sadasivuni et al. (2015)
CNC and GO	Ex-situ	Flexible, transparent, conductive	Biofluid separation	Xiong et al. (2016)