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Isomers in every nS ensemble contain native (green) and non-native (red) disulfide bonds containing n disulfide bonds (as shown for the 1S and 2S species). Since the native protein contains only native disulfide bonds, the non-native disulfide bonds must reshuffle to native disulfide bonds. Native protein (N) is formed via the oxidation of two three-native-disulfide-containing 3S* intermediates that accumulate from their 3S isomers by conformational folding.
