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. 2021 Nov 27;13(11):1707–1726. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1707

Table 2.

Gastrointestinal manifestations of mitochondrial respiratory chain defects

Site
Manifestation
Oral cavity and esophagus Sicca syndrome; Dry mouth; Dysphagia
Stomach Vomiting; Reflux; Pseudo-obstruction
Small bowel and large bowel Pseudo-obstruction; Diarrhea; Megacolon; Constipation
Extra-luminal/miscellaneous Poor appetite; Pancreatitis; Pancreatic cysts