Table 1.
Age at time of amputation, age at registration, delay between amputation and registration
| Country|variables | Non-traumatic amputation | Traumatic amputation | Total—by cause | |||||||
| Male | Female | P value* | Male | Female | P value* | Non-trauma | Trauma | MD (95% CI) | P value† | |
| Total | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | |||||||
| Age at amputation | 49.1 (48.6 to 49.6) | 45.9 (45.1 to 46.7) | <0.001 | 26.9 (26.7 to 27.1) | 24.1 (23.3 to 24.8) | <0.001 | 48.2 (47.8 to 48.6) | 26.6 (26.4 to 26.8) | 21.7 (21.3 to 22.1) | <0.001 |
| Age at registration | 52.2 (51.8 to 52.7) | 48.6 (47.8 to 49.4) | <0.001 | 35.2 (35 to 35.4) | 31.6 (30.9 to 32.3) | <0.001 | 51.2 (50.8 to 51.6) | 34.8 (34.6 to 35) | 16.4 (16.0 to 16.9) | <0.001 |
| Delay all PwA (y) | 3.2 (3.0 to 3.4) | 2.7 (2.4 to 3) | 0.009 | 8.3 (8.1 to 8.4) | 7.5 (7.1 to 8) | 0.119 | 3.0 (2.9 to 3.2) | 8.2 (8 to 8.3) | −5.1 (−5.4 to 4.9) | <0.001 |
| Delay by PwA age group (age at registration) | ||||||||||
| Young child (<5 y) | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.4) | 1.3 (0.8 to 1.8) | 0.200 | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.1) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.2) | 0.745 | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.4) | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.1) | 0.1 (−0.3 to 0.6) | 0.327 |
| Child (5–17 y) | 2.2 (1.6 to 2.8) | 2.2 (1.5 to 2.8) | 0.563 | 2.0 (1.9 to 2.2) | 3.9 (3.5 to 4.3) | <0.001 | 2.2 (1.8 to 2.6) | 2.4 (2.3 to 2.6) | −0.3 (−0.7 to 0.2) | 0.092 |
| Young Adult (18–34 y) | 3.2 (2.8 to 3.6) | 3.1 (2.5 to 3.7) | 0.987 | 3.8 (3.6 to 3.9) | 7.2 (6.6 to 7.8) | <0.001 | 3.1 (2.8 to 3.5) | 4.1 (3.9 to 4.2) | −0.9 (−1.3 to 0.5) | 0.002 |
| Adult (35–59 y) | 2.9 (2.7 to 3.2) | 2.6 (2.1 to 3) | 0.022 | 13.7 (13.4 to 14) | 9.9 (9 to 10.8) | <0.001 | 2.8 (2.6 to 3.1) | 13.3 (13.1 to 13.6) | −10.5 (−10.9 to 10.1) | <0.001 |
| Older Adult (>60 y) | 3.5 (3.1 to 3.9) | 3 (2.3 to 3.7) | 0.071 | 16.9 (16 to 17.7) | 12.1 (9.9 to 14.4) | <0.001 | 3.4 (3.1 to 3.7) | 16.3 (15.5 to 17.1) | −12.9 (−13.7 to 12.2) | <0.001 |
| Afghanistan | ||||||||||
| Age at amputation | 48.8 (46.2 to 51.4) | 42.7 (39.4 to 46) | <0.001 | 24.8 (24.3 to 25.3) | 20.6 (19.4 to 21.8) | <0.001 | 46.8 (44.8 to 48.9) | 24.3 (23.9 to 24.8) | 22.5 (21.7 to 23.2) | <0.001 |
| Age at registration | 50.3 (49.2 to 51.3) | 44.0 (42.5 to 45.4) | <0.001 | 29.7 (29.4 to 30) | 26.6 (25.6 to 27.6) | <0.001 | 48.3 (47.4 to 49.1) | 29.4 (29.1 to 29.7) | 18.9 (18.1 to 19.6) | <0.001 |
| Delay all PwA (y) | 1.6 (1.3 to 1.9) | 1.3 (1.0 to 1.6) | 0.318 | 4.9 (4.8 to 5.1) | 6.0 (5.5 to 6.6) | <0.001 | 1.5 (1.2 to 1.7) | 5.0 (4.9 to 5.2) | −3.6 (−4.0 to 3.2) | <0.001 |
| Delay by PwA age group (age at registration) | ||||||||||
| Young child (<5 y) | 0.5 (-0.2 to 1.2) | 1.3 (0.3 to 2.2) | 0.214 | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.1) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.2) | 0.829 | 0.8 (0.2 to 1.3) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.1) | −0.1 (−0.8 to 0.5) | 0.618 |
| Child (5–17 y) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.7) | 1.6 (0.8 to 2.4) | 0.948 | 1.8 (1.6 to 2.0) | 3.9 (3.4 to 4.4) | <0.001 | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) | 2.2 (2.1 to 2.4) | −0.9 (−1.5 to 0.3) | <0.001 |
| Young Adult (18–34 y) | 3.0 (2.2 to 3.8) | 2.1 (1.2 to 2.9) | 0.827 | 3.1 (2.9 to 3.2) | 7.8 (6.9 to 8.7) | <0.001 | 2.7 (2.0 to 3.3) | 3.4 (3.2 to 3.5) | −0.7 (−1.4 to 0.1) | <0.001 |
| Adult (35–59 y) | 1.4 (0.9 to 1.9) | 1 (0.6 to 1.4) | 0.551 | 10.5 (10.0 to 11.0) | 7.6 (6.2 to 9.0) | <0.001 | 1.2 (0.9 to 1.6) | 10.1 (9.7 to 10.6) | −8.9 (−9.8 to 8.0) | <0.001 |
| Older Adult (>60 y) | 1.3 (0.7 to 1.8) | 1.1 (0.3 to 1.9) | 0.781 | 10.3 (9.1 to 11.6) | 4.6 (2.3 to 6.8) | 0.004 | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.7) | 9.7 (8.5 to 10.9) | −8.5 (−9.6 to 7.4) | <0.001 |
| Cambodia | ||||||||||
| Age at amputation | 46 (38.5 to 53.6) | 41.6 (31.1 to 52.0) | 0.189 | 28.6 (27.2 to 29.9) | 31.3 (27.3 to 35.3) | 0.100 | 44.7 (38.6 to 50.8) | 28.9 (27.6 to 30.2) | 15.8 (13.7 to 17.9) | <0.001 |
| Age at registration | 48.9 (45.9 to 51.9) | 45.3 (40.3 to 50.3) | 0.235 | 42.7 (42.0 to 43.3) | 40.3 (38 to 42.7) | 0.006 | 47.8 (45.2 to 50.4) | 42.4 (41.8 to 43.0) | 5.4 (3.2 to 7.6) | <0.001 |
| Delay all PwA (y) | 2.9 (1.8 to 4.0) | 3.8 (1.5 to 6.1) | 0.285 | 14.0 (13.4 to 14.6) | 9.3 (7.8 to 10.8) | <0.001 | 3.2 (2.2 to 4.2) | 13.4 (12.9 to 14.0) | −10.2 (−12.0 to 8.5) | <0.001 |
| Delay by PwA age group (age at registration) | ||||||||||
| Young child (<5 y) | 2.5 (1.5 to 3.5)‡ | 1.0 (0.2 to 1.8) | 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0)‡ | 0.267 | 2.5 (1.5 to 3.5) | 0.7 (0.0 to 1.3) | 1.8 (0.2 to 3.4) | 0.071 | ||
| Child (5–17 y) | 9.5 (-5.2 to 24.2) | 4.6 (0.4 to 8.7) | 0.500 | 3.1 (1.7 to 4.4) | 3.7 (1.3 to 6.2) | 0.685 | 5.7 (1.4 to 9.9) | 3.2 (2.1 to 4.4) | 2.4 (−1.2 to 6.0) | 0.115 |
| Young Adult (18–34 y) | 4.3 (2.0 to 6.6) | 3.9 (-0.1 to 7.8) | 0.991 | 4.7 (4.1 to 5.3) | 6.2 (4.2 to 8.1) | 0.938 | 4.2 (2.2 to 6.1) | 4.9 (4.3 to 5.5) | −0.7 (−2.9 to 1.5) | 0.470 |
| Adult (35–59 y) | 3.2 (1.2 to 5.1) | 3.1 (0.4 to 5.8) | 0.213 | 18.6 (17.9 to 19.3) | 10.9 (8.7 to 13.2) | <0.001 | 3.1 (1.5 to 4.8) | 17.9 (17.2 to 18.5) | −14.7 (−17.2 to 12.2) | <0.001 |
| Older Adult (>60 y) | 1.2 (0.0.3 to 2) | 4.3 (-1.9 to 10.6) | 0.785 | 19.7 (17.7 to 21.7) | 15.2 (9.9 to 20.5) | 0.021 | 2.1 (0.1 to 4.1) | 18.9 (17 to 20.8) | −16.8 (−20.5 to 13.1) | <0.001 |
| Iraq | ||||||||||
| Age at amputation | 54.4 (50.7 to 58.2) | 53.9 (48 to 59.9) | 0.826 | 26.8 (25.7 to 28.0) | 25.6 (22.2 to 29.0) | 0.023 | 54.3 (51.2 to 57.5) | 26.7 (25.6 to 27.8) | 27.6 (26.6 to 28.6) | <0.001 |
| Age at registration | 56.6 (55.7 to 57.6) | 55.3 (53.5 to 57.1) | 0.541 | 39.1 (38.5 to 39.8) | 33.6 (31.3 to 35.8) | <0.001 | 56.3 (55.4 to 57.1) | 38.6 (38 to 39.2) | 17.7 (16.6 to 18.7) | <0.001 |
| Delay all PwA (y) | 2.2 (1.8 to 2.7) | 1.7 (1 to 2.3) | 0.007 | 12.3 (11.8 to 12.8) | 8.1 (6.7 to 9.6) | <0.001 | 2.1 (1.7 to 2.4) | 11.9 (11.5 to 12.4) | −9.9 (−10.6 to 9.1) | <0.001 |
| Delay by PwA age group (age at registration) | ||||||||||
| Young child (<5 y) | 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0)§ | 2.0 (2.0 to 2.0)‡ | 1.000 | 1.0 (0.4 to 1.6) | 1.0 (0.1 to 1.9) | 0.961 | 1.0 (-1.0 to 3.0) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.5) | 0 (−1.7 to 1.7) | 1.000 |
| Child (5–17 y) | 4.1 (1.2 to 7.1) | 2.1 (0 to 4.2) | 0.285 | 2.9 (2.2 to 3.5) | 2.6 (1.4 to 3.8) | 0.756 | 3.1 (1.3 to 5.0) | 2.8 (2.2 to 3.4) | 0.3 (−1.3 to 1.9) | 0.316 |
| Young Adult (18–34 y) | 3.8 (1.8 to 5.7) | 1.3 (0.2 to 2.3) | 0.044 | 5.7 (5.2 to 6.2) | 7.6 (5.5 to 9.7) | 0.595 | 3.0 (1.6 to 4.4) | 5.9 (5.4 to 6.3) | −2.8 (−4.7 to 1.0) | <0.001 |
| Adult (35–59 y) | 2.0 (1.5 to 2.6) | 1.4 (0.7 to 2.1) | 0.268 | 16.7 (16 to 17.4) | 11.0 (8.1 to 13.9) | <0.001 | 1.9 (1.4 to 2.3) | 16.3 (15.6 to 17.0) | −14.4 (−15.5 to 13.3) | <0.001 |
| Older Adult (>60 y) | 2.2 (1.5 to 2.8) | 1.9 (0.8 to 3.0) | 0.043 | 21.2 (19.1 to 23.2) | 10.9 (5.2 to 16.5) | 0.008 | 2.1 (1.6 to 2.7) | 20.4 (18.4 to 22.4) | −18.3 (−19.8 to 16.8) | <0.001 |
| Myanmar | ||||||||||
| Age at amputation | 46.7 (43.7 to 49.8) | 47.4 (42.2 to 52.7) | 0.069 | 29.6 (28.6 to 30.5) | 28.0 (25 to 31.1) | 0.015 | 46.9 (44.3 to 49.5) | 29.4 (28.5 to 30.3) | 17.5 (16.6 to 18.3) | <0.001 |
| Age at registration | 52.0 (51.0 to 52.9) | 51.8 (50 to 53.6) | 0.615 | 40.7 (40.3 to 41.2) | 38.3 (36.6 to 40) | 0.006 | 51.9 (51.1 to 52.8) | 40.5 (40.1 to 40.9) | 11.4 (10.5 to 12.3) | <0.001 |
| Delay all PwA (y) | 5.3 (4.8 to 5.8) | 4.3 (3.4 to 5.3) | <0.001 | 11.2 (10.8 to 11.5) | 10.3 (9.0 to 11.6) | 0.007 | 5.0 (4.6 to 5.5) | 11.1 (10.8 to 11.5) | −6.1 (−6.7 to 5.4) | <0.001 |
| Delay by PwA age group (age at registration) | ||||||||||
| Young child (<5 y) | 1.0 (1.0 to 1.0)§ | 2.0 (2.0 to 2.0)§ | 1.000 | 2.0 (2.0 to 2.0)‡ | 2.5 (1.5 to 3.5)‡ | 0.667 | 1.5 (0.5 to 2.5) | 2.3 (1.8 to 2.7) | −0.8 (−2.1 to 0.6) | 0.267 |
| Child (5–17 y) | 4.5 (2.3 to 6.7) | 5.6 (3.0 to 8.2) | 0.879 | 2.4 (1.8 to 3.1) | 3.9 (2.5 to 5.3) | 0.073 | 5.1 (3.4 to 6.9) | 2.8 (2.2 to 3.4) | 2.3 (0.8 to 3.8) | 0.010 |
| Young Adult (18–34 y) | 2.6 (2.0 to 3.2) | 2.5 (0.9 to 4.0) | 0.278 | 4.5 (4.2 to 4.8) | 6.1 (4.6 to 7.5) | 0.713 | 2.6 (2 to 3.2.0) | 4.6 (4.3 to 4.9) | −2 (−3.0 to 1.1) | 0.001 |
| Adult (35–59 y) | 4.7 (4.1 to 5.3) | 4.3 (2.9 to 5.6) | 0.001 | 13.9 (13.5 to 14.4) | 13.1 (11.0 to 15.1) | 0.092 | 4.6 (4.0 to 5.2) | 13.9 (13.4 to 14.3) | −9.3 (−10.2 to 8.4) | <0.001 |
| Older Adult (>60 y) | 7.3 (6.0 to 8.5) | 4.8 (2.8 to 6.8) | 0.014 | 22.5 (20.9 to 24.1) | 19.3 (13.2 to 25.3) | 0.072 | 6.7 (5.6 to 7.7) | 22.2 (20.7 to 23.8) | −15.6 (−17.4 to 13.7) | <0.001 |
| Sudan | ||||||||||
| Age at amputation | 48.5 (46.5 to 50.5) | 45 (41.8 to 48.2) | <0.001 | 30.5 (29.1 to 32) | 25.9 (23.1 to 28.6) | <0.001 | 47.6 (45.9 to 49.3) | 29.7 (28.4 to 31.1) | 17.9 (16.9 to 18.9) | <0.001 |
| Age at registration | 52.1 (51.4 to 52.7) | 48.7 (47.4 to 50) | <0.001 | 39.7 (38.9 to 40.5) | 34 (32.2 to 35.9) | <0.001 | 51.2 (50.6 to 51.8) | 38.7 (38.0 to 39.5) | 12.5 (11.5 to 13.4) | <0.001 |
| Delay all PwA (y) | 3.6 (3.3 to 4.0) | 3.7 (3.1 to 4.3) | 0.053 | 9.2 (8.7 to 9.8) | 8.2 (7.1 to 9.3) | 0.525 | 3.6 (3.3 to 3.9) | 9.1 (8.6 to 9.6) | −5.4 (−6.0 to 4.9) | <0.001 |
| Delay by PwA age group (age at registration) | ||||||||||
| Young child (<5 y) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.5) | 1.2 (0.4 to 2.0) | 0.699 | 0.8 (0.2 to 1.5) | 1.3 (0.4 to 2.3) | 0.385 | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.5) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.5) | 0.1 (−0.7 to 0.9) | 0.545 |
| Child (5–17 y) | 2.7 (1.6 to 3.7) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.7) | 0.117 | 2.9 (2.2 to 3.6) | 4.6 (3.5 to 5.7) | 0.004 | 2.1 (1.4 to 2.8) | 3.4 (2.8 to 4) | −1.4 (−2.3 to 0.4) | 0.005 |
| Young Adult (18–34 y) | 3.3 (2.7 to 3.9) | 4.3 (3.2 to 5.4) | 0.004 | 5.2 (4.7 to 5.7) | 6.9 (5.6 to 8.2) | 0.013 | 3.6 (3.0 to 4.1) | 5.6 (5.1 to 6) | −2 (−2.7 to 1.3) | <0.001 |
| Adult (35–59 y) | 3.1 (2.7 to 3.5) | 3.4 (2.7 to 4.2) | 0.064 | 11.3 (10.5 to 12.2) | 9.6 (7.4 to 11.9) | 0.047 | 3.2 (2.8 to 3.6) | 11.1 (10.3 to 11.9) | −7.9 (−8.7 to 7.1) | <0.001 |
| Older Adult (>60 y) | 4.4 (3.7 to 5.2) | 4.1 (2.8 to 5.4) | 0.653 | 16.6 (14.1 to 19.1) | 15.1 (9.3 to 20.9) | 0.656 | 4.4 (3.7 to 5) | 16.4 (14.1 to 18.7) | −12 (−13.8 to 10.3) | <0.001 |
Values are mean with 95% CI (mean (95% CI)).
*Mann-Whitney U test between male and female participants.
†Mann-Whitney U test between participants with non-traumatic and traumatic amputation.
‡Two participants.
§One participant.
MD, mean difference; PwA, persons with amputations; y, years.