Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of sleep duration, sedentary behavior, physical activity, and covariates from the national longitudinal study of adolescent to adult health (add health; N = 9279).
Variables | Full sample (N = 9279) | Male sample (N = 3989) | Female sample (N = 5290) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Proportion or M (SE) | N | Proportion or M (SE) | N | Proportion or M (SE) | |
Sleep duration | ||||||
W1 sleep duration | 7.75 (0.01) | 7.79 (0.02) | 7.72 (0.02) | |||
Short (e.g., 0–7 h for adolescents aged 13–18) | 3550 | 0.38 | 1491 | 0.37 | 2059 | 0.39 |
Optimal (e.g., 8–9 h for adolescents aged 13–18) | 4877 | 0.53 | 2120 | 0.53 | 2756 | 0.52 |
Long (e.g., 10+ hours for adolescents aged 13–18) | 852 | 0.09 | 378 | 0.09 | 474 | 0.09 |
W5 sleep duration | 6.73 (0.01) | 6.66 (0.02) | 6.79 (0.02) | |||
Short (0–6 h) | 3907 | 0.42 | 1772 | 0.44 | 2135 | 0.40 |
Optimal (7–8 h) | 4991 | 0.54 | 2093 | 0.52 | 2898 | 0.55 |
Long (9+ hours) | 380 | 0.04 | 123 | 0.03 | 257 | 0.05 |
Sedentary behavior | ||||||
W1 sedentary screen time (hours/week) | 22.45 (0.22) | 25.27 (0.36) | 20.32 (0.28) | |||
0–7 h/week | 2022 | 0.22 | 650 | 0.16 | 1372 | 0.26 |
8–14 h/week | 2200 | 0.24 | 874 | 0.22 | 1326 | 0.25 |
15–21 h/week | 1508 | 0.16 | 689 | 0.17 | 819 | 0.15 |
22+ hours/week | 3549 | 0.38 | 1776 | 0.45 | 1773 | 0.34 |
W5 sedentary screen time (hours/week) | 13.02 (0.14) | 14.19 (0.23) | 12.15 (0.17) | |||
0–7 h/week | 3899 | 0.42 | 1466 | 0.37 | 2432 | 0.46 |
8–14 h/week | 2528 | 0.27 | 1136 | 0.28 | 1392 | 0.26 |
15–21 h/week | 1609 | 0.17 | 774 | 0.19 | 834 | 0.16 |
22+ hours/week | 1244 | 0.13 | 613 | 0.15 | 631 | 0.12 |
Physical activity | ||||||
W1 participation in team Club sports | 5328 | 0.57 | 2480 | 0.62 | 2848 | 0.54 |
W1 moderate to vigorous physical activity (times/week) | 6.57 (0.04) | 7.59 (0.07) | 5.80 (0.05) | |||
0 times | 506 | 0.05 | 158 | 0.04 | 348 | 0.07 |
1–4 times | 2773 | 0.30 | 896 | 0.22 | 1877 | 0.35 |
5+ times | 6000 | 0.65 | 2935 | 0.74 | 3065 | 0.58 |
W5 moderate to vigorous physical activity (times/week) | 4.45 (0.05) | 5.19 (0.08) | 3.88 (0.06) | |||
0 times | 2227 | 0.24 | 723 | 0.18 | 1505 | 0.28 |
1–4 times | 3500 | 0.38 | 1469 | 0.37 | 2030 | 0.38 |
5+ times | 3552 | 0.38 | 1797 | 0.45 | 1755 | 0.33 |
Demographics | ||||||
W1 age | 16.06 (0.02) | 16.16 (0.03) | 15.99 (0.02) | |||
Female | 5290 | 0.57 | 0 | 0 | 5290 | 1.00 |
US citizen | 8690 | 0.94 | 3729 | 0.93 | 4961 | 0.94 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||||
Non-Hispanic white | 5125 | 0.55 | 2292 | 0.57 | 2833 | 0.54 |
Non-Hispanic black | 1807 | 0.19 | 661 | 0.17 | 1146 | 0.22 |
Hispanic | 1328 | 0.14 | 573 | 0.14 | 755 | 0.14 |
Non-Hispanic other | 1019 | 0.11 | 463 | 0.12 | 556 | 0.11 |
W1 socioeconomic status | ||||||
W1 household income | ||||||
Less than $39,999 | 4464 | 0.48 | 1823 | 0.46 | 2641 | 0.50 |
$40,000 to $74,999 | 3470 | 0.37 | 1555 | 0.39 | 1915 | 0.36 |
$75,000+ | 1344 | 0.14 | 610 | 0.15 | 734 | 0.14 |
W1 highest education of parents | ||||||
Below high school | 1002 | 0.11 | 386 | 0.10 | 616 | 0.12 |
High school graduate to some college | 4688 | 0.51 | 1968 | 0.49 | 2720 | 0.51 |
College graduate or higher | 3589 | 0.39 | 1635 | 0.41 | 1953 | 0.37 |
W1 neighborhood safety | 8270 | 0.89 | 3602 | 0.90 | 4668 | 0.88 |
W5 socioeconomic status | ||||||
W5 household income | ||||||
Less than $39,999 | 2306 | 0.25 | 813 | 0.20 | 1493 | 0.28 |
$40,000 to $74,999 | 2277 | 0.25 | 1009 | 0.25 | 1268 | 0.24 |
$75,000+ | 4695 | 0.51 | 2167 | 0.54 | 2528 | 0.48 |
W5 education | ||||||
Below high school | 307 | 0.03 | 161 | 0.04 | 146 | 0.03 |
High school graduate to some college | 4959 | 0.53 | 2296 | 0.58 | 2662 | 0.50 |
College graduate or higher | 4013 | 0.43 | 1532 | 0.38 | 2481 | 0.47 |
W5 home ownership | 8085 | 0.87 | 3399 | 0.85 | 4686 | 0.89 |
W5 employment | 7864 | 0.85 | 3564 | 0.89 | 4300 | 0.81 |
W1 health behaviors | ||||||
W1 smoke | 2197 | 0.24 | 950 | 0.24 | 1247 | 0.24 |
W1 alcohol | 2638 | 0.28 | 1203 | 0.30 | 1435 | 0.27 |
W1 body mass index | ||||||
Underweight | 272 | 0.03 | 129 | 0.03 | 144 | 0.03 |
Normal weight/overweight | 8028 | 0.87 | 3366 | 0.84 | 4662 | 0.88 |
Obese | 978 | 0.11 | 494 | 0.12 | 484 | 0.09 |
W1 self-rated health | ||||||
Good, very good, or excellent | 8722 | 0.94 | 3811 | 0.96 | 4911 | 0.93 |
W1 physical limitation | 246 | 0.03 | 104 | 0.03 | 142 | 0.03 |
W5 health behaviors | ||||||
W5 smoke | 2160 | 0.23 | 1055 | 0.26 | 1105 | 0.21 |
W5 alcohol | 6767 | 0.73 | 3065 | 0.77 | 3703 | 0.70 |
W5 body mass index | ||||||
Underweight | 88 | 0.01 | 19 | 0.00 | 69 | 0.01 |
Normal weight/overweight | 5440 | 0.59 | 2441 | 0.61 | 2999 | 0.57 |
Obese | 3751 | 0.40 | 1529 | 0.38 | 2222 | 0.42 |
W5 self-rated health | ||||||
Good, very good, or excellent | 8071 | 0.87 | 3460 | 0.87 | 4610 | 0.87 |
W5 chronic conditions | 4878 | 0.53 | 2039 | 0.51 | 2840 | 0.54 |
W5 physical limitation | 438 | 0.05 | 147 | 0.04 | 290 | 0.05 |
Note. W1 = Wave I (Mage = 16), W5 = Wave V (Mage = 38).