Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who were treated with remdesivir
| Total (n = 80) | Older patients (n = 26) | Younger patients (n = 54) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 73 [39–95] | 87 [80–95] | 68 [39–79] | – |
| Sex (male) | 47 (58.8) | 11 (42.3) | 36 (66.7) | 0.0528 |
| Coexisting condition | ||||
| Hypertension | 36 (45.0) | 12 (46.2) | 24 (44.4) | >0.99 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 24 (30.0) | 9 (34.6) | 15 (27.8) | 0.6057 |
| Dyslipidemia | 20 (25.0) | 5 (19.2) | 15 (27.8) | 0.5825 |
| Obesity | 22 (27.5) | 3 (11.5) | 19 (35.2) | 0.0330 |
| NIAID-OS at admission | ||||
| 4. Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen, requiring ongoing medical care | 22 (27.5) | 8 (30.8) | 14 (25.9) | 0.1956a |
| 5. Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen | 25 (31.3) | 10 (38.5) | 15 (27.8) | |
| 6. Hospitalized, receiving noninvasive ventilation or high-flow oxygen devices | 19 (23.8) | 6 (23.1) | 13 (24.1) | |
| 7. Hospitalized, receiving invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 14 (17.5) | 2 (7.7) | 12 (22.2) | |
| Blood sample tests on admission | ||||
| Blood cell counts | ||||
| WBC (×10^9/L) | 5.35 [0.7–13.6] | 5.15 [0.7–12.4] | 5.35 [1.9–13.6] | 0.7346 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 132 [49–170] | 122 [89–169] | 136.5 [49–170] | 0.0666 |
| Platelet (×10^9/L) | 170 [14.9–425] | 154 [39–312] | 176.5 [14.9–425] | 0.1391 |
| Biochemical tests | ||||
| Total protein (g/L) | 67 [47–89] | 66.5 [53–89] | 67 [47–76] | 0.4832 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 33 [19–45] | 31 [25–39] | 33.5 [19–45] | 0.2125 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.55 [0.2–2.3] | 0.5 [0.2–2.3] | 0.6 [0.3–1.3] | 0.8977 |
| AST (IU/L) | 37 [15–285] | 29.5 [15–88] | 37 [15–285] | 0.0282 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 25 [5–225] | 17 [5–104] | 28.5 [7–225] | 0.0007 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (IU/L) | 304.5 [142–851] | 284.5 [142–656] | 307.5 [178–851] | 0.2294 |
| Creatine kinase (U/L) | 96.5 [15–2119] | 91.5 [15–1252] | 117 [26–2119] | 0.2947 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.855 [0.2–1.82] | 0.88 [0.2–1.72] | 0.83 [0.37–1.82] | 0.3444 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 61.3 [30.5–228.5] | 50.55 [30.5–228.5] | 66 [32.6–124.2] | 0.0015 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 126 [64–285] | 118.5 [64–285] | 128 [78–283] | 0.1056 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 73.65 [4.7–306.4] | 54.65 [5.6–206.4] | 79.35 [4.7–306.4] | 0.0414 |
| Coagulation system | ||||
| PT-INR | 0.975 [0.85–4.01] | 0.965 [0.85–1.36] | 0.98 [0.85–4.01] | 0.4622 |
| APTT (sec) | 30.45 [10–120] | 29 [22.1–120] | 31 [10–84.8] | 0.5478 |
| Liver dysfunction on admission | 47 (58.8) | 12 (46.2) | 35 (64.8) | 0.1472 |
| Renal dysfunction on admission | 39 (48.8) | 20 (76.9) | 19 (35.2) | 0.0007 |
Data are shown with number and (percentage) or median and [range]. Obesity is defined as 25 kg/m2 or more in body mass index or as the appearance of obesity. Liver dysfunction is defined as a level of total bilirubin, AST, or ALT above the upper normal limit. Renal dysfunction is defined as a level of eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2
ALT alanine aminotransferase, APTT activated partial thromboplastin time, AST aspartate aminotransferase, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, NIAID-OS National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Ordinal Scale, PT-INR prothrombin time-international normalized ratio, WBC white blood cell, sec seconds
aMann–Whitney U test was used for comparing the NIAID-OS