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. 2021 Nov 18;9:755563. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.755563

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Copyright © 2021 Sbirkov, Molander, Milet, Bodurov, Atanasov, Penkov, Belev, Forraz, McGuckin and Sarafian.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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3D bioprinting of Caco-2 cells. (A) Computer-aided design (CAD) of the developed 3D bioprinting model. (B) Representative macroscopic image of 3D bioprinted cells in a 24-well plate showing the reproducibility and uniformity of prints (with the growth medium) and of the size of a 3D bioprint. (C) Live/dead staining with calcein AM (green fluorescence) for live cells and propidium iodide (PI-red fluorescence) for dead cells on day 1 and day 14 after printing under magnifications as shown, and relative quantification of percentage live cells (per 1 mm²). Error bars represent SD of the mean from at least two images. (D) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of 3D bioprinted Caco-2 cells on day 1 and day 14 with magnifications as annotated showing the formation of tumor-like morphological structures of cells at day 14.