Table 1.
Baseline characteristics between subjects with and without diabetes.
| Total (n = 6,990) | New-onset diabetes (n = 816) | Non-diabetes (n = 6,174) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59.0 ± 13.9 | 61.1 ± 13.6 | 58.7 ± 14.0 | <0.001*** |
| Sex (male, n [%]) | 3,467 (49.6) | 357 (43.8) | 3,110 (50.4) | <0.001*** |
| Smoking (n [%]) | 1,698 (24.3) | 188 (23.1) | 1,510 (24.5) | 0.385 |
| Drinking (n [%]) | 885 (12.7) | 83 (10.2) | 802 (13.0) | 0.024* |
| SBP (mmHg) | 139.25 ± 17.05 | 141.38 ± 17.56 | 138.97 ± 16.97 | <0.001*** |
| DBP (mmHg) | 85.30 ± 11.10 | 85.12 ± 11.65 | 85.32 ± 11.03 | 0.641 |
| Laboratory examination | ||||
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.90 ± 0.64 | 5.39 ± 0.73 | 4.83 ± 0.59 | <0.001*** |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.53 (1.09–2.21) | 1.84 (1.32–2.75) | 1.49 (1.06–2.16) | <0.001*** |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.14 ± 1.12 | 5.18 ± 1.17 | 5.14 ± 1.11 | 0.369 |
| HDL (mmol/L) | 1.31 ± 0.35 | 1.30 ± 0.41 | 1.31 ± 0.35 | 0.290 |
| LDL (mmol/L) | 2.85 ± 0.81 | 2.88 ± 0.85 | 2.84 ± 0.80 | 0.197 |
| eGFR (ml/[min·1.73 m2]) | 85.95 ± 21.84 | 84.06 ± 21.43 | 86.20 ± 21.88 | 0.009** |
| UAER (mg/24 h) | 23.50 (10.90–71.40) | 34.80 (16.25–126.70) | 22.75 (10.60–67.31) | <0.001*** |
| Anthropometric indices | ||||
| Weight (kg) | 63.20 ± 11.94 | 65.85 ± 12.55 | 62.86 ± 11.82 | <0.001*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.10 ± 3.65 | 26.47 ± 4.04 | 24.92 ± 3.55 | <0.001*** |
| WC (cm) | 87.34 ± 9.19 | 90.72 ± 9.5 | 86.90 ± 9.04 | <0.001*** |
| HC (cm) | 95.17 ± 7.69 | 97.29 ± 8.58 | 94.89 ± 7.52 | <0.001*** |
| WHtR | 0.55 ± 0.06 | 0.58 ± 0.06 | 0.55 ± 0.06 | <0.001*** |
| WHR | 0.92 ± 0.06 | 0.93 ± 0.08 | 0.92 ± 0.06 | <0.001*** |
| ABSI | 0.081 ± 0.006 | 0.082 ± 0.006 | 0.081 ± 0.006 | 0.012* |
| AVI | 15.49 ± 3.20 | 16.70 ± 3.45 | 15.33 ± 3.13 | <0.001*** |
| BAI | 29.97 ± 4.92 | 31.47 ± 5.50 | 29.77 ± 4.81 | <0.001*** |
| BRI | 4.47 ± 1.30 | 5.01 ± 1.43 | 4.40 ± 1.26 | <0.001*** |
| CI | 1.27 ± 0.09 | 1.29 ± 0.09 | 1.27 ± 0.09 | <0.001*** |
| WWI | 11.06 ± 0.89 | 11.25 ± 0.88 | 11.03 ± 0.89 | <0.001*** |
| WHHR | 0.58 ± 0.05 | 0.59 ± 0.06 | 0.58 ± 0.05 | <0.001*** |
| Medication | ||||
| Hypotensive drugs (n [%]) | 4,726 (67.6) | 4,175 (67.6) | 551 (67.5) | 0.955 |
| ACEI/ARB (n [%]) | 3,518 (50.3) | 3,113 (50.4) | 405 (49.6) | 0.672 |
| Beta-receptor blocker (n [%]) | 637 (9.1) | 551 (8.9) | 86 (10.5) | 0.132 |
| CCB (n [%]) | 2,626 (37.6) | 2,310 (37.4) | 316 (38.7) | 0.468 |
| Diuretic (n [%]) | 562 (8.0) | 502 (8.1) | 60 (7.4) | 0.442 |
| Others (n [%]) | 107 (1.5) | 90 (1.5) | 17 (2.1) | 0.171 |
Continuous data are shown as the mean ± SD or median (Q1–Q3), and categorical data as n (%).
FPG, fasting plasma glucose; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; UA, uric acid; Scr, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference; WHtR, waist-to-height ratio; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; ABSI, A body shape index; AVI, abdominal volume index; BAI, body adiposity index; BRI, body roundness index; CI, conicity index; WWI, weight-adjusted-waist index; WHHR, waist-hip-height ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, Angiotensin Receptor Blocker; CCB, Calcium Channel Blockers.
P < 0.05;
P < 0.01;
P < 0.001.