Pigtailed macaques were infected with KFDV by the sc or sc/iv route, or AHFV by the sc/iv route. The number of animals in each group is indicated in the legend. Serum was isolated from blood samples obtained during clinical exams at the indicated days post infection. Cytokine and chemokines were measured from sera using a 29-plex Monkey cytokine detection kit. The following parameters are included: A. IL-6, B. MCP-1, C. IL-1RA, D. IL-12, E. I-TAC, F. IFNγ, G. FGF-Basic, H. HGF, I. MIG, J. Eotaxin. Statistics were performed by comparing the change in the parameter compared to the D0 measurement using Sidaks multiple comparison test. Significance symbols are represented as follows: KFDV sc/iv *, AHFV sc/iv #, KFDV sc +. (KFDV sc/iv N = 6, AHFV sc/iv N = 4, KFDV sc N = 2; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.0005, ****P < 0.0001.