Table 2. HIV prevalence, incidence, viral load suppression, and unsuppressed viremia among adults 18–49 years in Eswatini, 2011 and 2016.
| 2011 | 2016 | 2011 versus 2016 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % (95% CI) | N | % (95% CI) | Risk ratio (95% CI) | p-value | |
| HIV prevalence | ||||||
| Total | 18,172 | 32 (31, 33) | 7,265 | 30 (29, 32) | 0.95 (0.90, 1.01) | 0.10 |
| Women | 11,042 | 39 (38, 40) | 4,252 | 38 (36, 40) | 0.98 (0.91, 1.06) | 0.60 |
| Men | 7,130 | 23 (22, 25) | 3,013 | 21 (19, 23) | 0.88 (0.77, 1.01) | 0.10 |
| HIV incidence* | ||||||
| Total | 17,975 | 2.48 (1.95, 3.01) | 7,264 | 1.30 (0.75, 1.85) | 0.52 (0.33, 0.84) | 0.01 |
| Women | 10,914 | 3.16 (2.39, 3.92) | 4,251 | 1.76 (0.87, 2.65) | 0.56 (0.32, 0.98) | 0.04 |
| Men | 7,061 | 1.83 (1.21, 2.45) | 3,013 | 0.86 (0.16, 1.55) | 0.47 (0.20, 1.12) | 0.09 |
| HIV viral load suppression prevalence among all HIV-seropositive adults † | ||||||
| Total | 5,686 | 35 (33, 36) | 2,361 | 71 (69, 73) | 2.05 (1.95, 2.15) | < 0.001 |
| Women | 4,146 | 36 (34, 37) | 1,659 | 75 (72, 78) | 2.09 (1.91, 2.28) | < 0.001 |
| Men | 1,540 | 33 (30, 35) | 702 | 63 (59, 67) | 1.93 (1.62, 2.29) | < 0.001 |
| Unsuppressed HIV viremia prevalence among all, regardless of HIV status ‡ | ||||||
| Total | 17,997 | 21 (20, 21) | 7,265 | 9 (8, 10) | 0.42 (0.38, 0.47) | < 0.001 |
| Women | 10,929 | 25 (24, 26) | 4,252 | 10 (8, 11) | 0.39 (0.34, 0.44) | < 0.001 |
| Men | 7,068 | 16 (15, 17) | 3,013 | 8 (7, 9) | 0.49 (0.42, 0.57) | < 0.001 |
* Measured using LAg avidity assay and HIV viral load
† Defined as proportion of persons with HIV viral load <1000 copies/mL in the population testing HIV seropositive
‡ Defined as proportion of persons with HIV viral load ≥1000 copies/mL in the total population, regardless of HIV status