Table 4. Generalised structural model statistics.

Female students survey: South African Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) colleges and universities (2018–2019).

	Direct Effects			Total Indirect Effects			Total Effects
	Unstd Coef. (95%CI)	Std Coef	p-value	Unstd Coef. (95%CI)	Std Coef	p-value	Unstd Coef. (95%CI)	Std Coef	p-value
Past year SV ← Childhood sexual abuse	0.03(0–0.07)	0.073	0.044	0.06(0.03–0.08)	0.121	<0.00l	0.09(0.06–0.12)	0.194	<0.00l
Past year SV ← Other life trauma				0.11(0.06–0.15)	0.071	<0.00l	0.11(0.06–0.15)	0.071	<0.00l
Past year SV ← Harmful alcohol use				0.11(0.07–0.14)	0.15	<0.00l	0.11(0.07–0.14)	0.15	<0.00l
Past year SV ← Food insecure				0.05(0.03–0.07)	0.089	<0.00l	0.05(0.03–0.07)	0.089	<0.00l
Mental ill-health ← Risky sexual behaviour				0.99(0.63–1.36)	0.152	<0.00l	0.99(0.63–1.36)	0.152	<0.00l
Mental ill health ← Other life trauma	1.12(0.52–1.71)	0.13	<0.00l	0.68(0.37–0.98)	0.077	<0.00l	1.79(1.19–2.39)	0.203	<0.00l
Mental ill health ← Childhood sexual abuse	0.27(0.11–0.43)	0.1	<0.001	0.43(0.31–0.55)	0.158	<0.00l	0.7(0.52–0.87)	0.258	<0.00l
Mental ill health ← Food insecure	0.85(0.64–1.07)	0.26	<0.00l	0.16(0.06–0.26)	0.049	0.002	1.01(0.78–1.25)	0.311	<0.00l
Partner violence and controlling behaviour ← Childhood sexual abuse	0.28(0.21–0.35)	0.286	<0.00l	0.06(0.02–0.09)	0.057	0.001	0.34(0.26–0.41)	0.344	<0.00l
Partner violence and controlling behaviour ← Harmful alcohol use	0.24(0.12–0.35)	0.157	<0.00l	0.16(0.09–0.23)	0.105	<0.00l	0.40(0.29–0.51)	0.262	<0.00l
Partner violence and controlling behaviour ← Other life trauma	0.44(0.24–0.64)	0.137	<0.00l	0.09(0.04–0.14)	0.029	<0.00l	0.53(0.32–0.75)	0.166	<0.00l
Past year SV ← Partner violence and controlling behaviour				0.06(0.03–0.09)	0.132	<0.00l	0.06(0.03–0.09)	0.132	<0.00l
Past year SV ← Mental ill health	0.05(0.03–0.07)	0.29	<0.001				0.05(0.03–0.07)	0.29	<0.001
Past year SV ← Risky sexual behaviour	0.40(0.26–0.54)	0.36	<0.001				0.40(0.26–0.54)	0.40	<0.001
Harmful alcohol use ← Other life trauma	0.24(0.13–0.34)	0.11	<0.001				0.24(0.13–0.34)	0.11	<0.001
Harmful alcohol use ← Childhood sexual abuse	0.06(0.02–0.1)	0.09	<0.001				0.06(0.02–0.1)	0.09	<0.001
Mental ill-health ← Harmful alcohol use				0.51(0.33–0.68)	0.121	<0.00l	0.51(0.33–0.68)	0.121	<0.00l
Mental ill health ← Partner violence and controlling behaviour	1.27(0.97–1.58)	0.46	<0.001				1.27(0.97–1.58)	0.46	<0.001
Partner violence and controlling behaviour ← Risky sexual behaviour	0.78(0.51–1.06)	0.33	<0.001				0.78(0.51–1.06)	0.33	<0.001
Partner violence and controlling behaviour ← Food insecure	0.13(0.05–0.2)	0.105	<0.00l				0.13(0.05–0.2)	0.105	0.001
Partner violence and controlling behaviour ← Harmful alcohol use	0.24(0.12–0.35)	0.157	<0.00l	0.16(0.09–0.23)	0.105	<0.00l	0.40(0.29–0.51)	0.262	<0.00l
Risky sexual behaviour ← Harmful alcohol use	0.21(0.16–0.25)	0.32	<0.001				0.21(0.16–0.25)	0.32	<0.001
Risky sexual behaviour ← Childhood sexual abuse	0.04(0.01–0.07)	0.101	0.008	0.01(0–0.02)	0.029	0.003	0.05(0.02–0.09)	0.13	0.001