Fig. 7.
Proposed mechanisms for high-fat diet-induced retinal degeneration in RP mice. HFD consumption and gut microbiota dysbiosis in rd10 mice induce increased expression and activity of the inflammatory modulators GSK3β, STAT3, and NF-κΒ and the expression and release of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1α. HFD feeding also promotes production and accumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and lipid peroxidation, causing redox imbalance and greater induction of the inflammatory response. Inflammation and oxidative stress lead to acceleration of the degenerative process and retinal remodeling. O2·-: superoxide anion, RNS: reactive nitrogen species.