Table 17.
Evaluation of risk for Ochratoxin A (OTA) via consumption of maize.
| Region | Age Category | Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) (ng/kg bw/day) | MOE | Av. Potency (ng ochratoxins/kg bw/day) | Cancer Risk(Cases/100,000 persons/year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upper East | Infants (0–11 months) | 340 | 0.05 | 0.0323 | 10.98 |
| Toddlers (12–35 months) | 100 | 0.18 | 0.0323 | 3.23 | |
| Children (36 months–10 years) | 70 | 0.26 | 0.0323 | 2.26 | |
| Adolescents (11–17 years) | 40 | 0.45 | 0.0323 | 1.29 | |
| Adults (18–64 years) | 30 | 0.60 | 0.0323 | 0.97 | |
| Northern | Infants (0–11 months) | 260 | 0.07 | 0.0323 | 8.40 |
| Toddlers (12–35 months) | 80 | 0.22 | 0.0323 | 2.58 | |
| Children (36–10 years ) | 50 | 0.36 | 0.0323 | 1.62 | |
| Adolescents (11–17 years) | 30 | 0.60 | 0.0323 | 0.97 | |
| Adults (18–64 years) | 30 | 0.60 | 0.0323 | 0.97 | |
| Ashanti | Infants (0–11 months) | 210 | 0.09 | 0.0323 | 6.78 |
| Toddlers (12–35 months) | 63 | 0.28 | 0.0323 | 2.03 | |
| Children (36–10 years) | 50 | 0.36 | 0.0323 | 1.62 | |
| Adolescents (11–17 years) | 30 | 0.60 | 0.0323 | 0.97 | |
| Adults (18–64 years) | 20 | 0.89 | 0.0323 | 0.65 | |
| Eastern | Infants (0–11 months) | 330 | 0.05 | 0.0323 | 10.66 |
| Toddlers (12–35 months) | 96 | 0.19 | 0.0323 | 3.10 | |
| Children (36 months–10 years) | 70 | 0.26 | 0.0323 | 2.26 | |
| Adolescents (11–17 years) | 40 | 0.45 | 0.0323 | 1.29 | |
| Adults (18–64 years) | 30 | 0.60 | 0.0323 | 0.97 | |
| Central | Infants (0–11 months) | 90 | 0.20 | 0.0323 | 2.91 |
| Toddlers (12–35 months) | 30 | 0.60 | 0.0323 | 0.97 | |
| Children (36 months–10 years) | 20 | 0.89 | 0.0323 | 0.65 | |
| Adolescents (11–17 years) | 10 | 1.79 | 0.0323 | 0.32 | |
| Adults (18–64 years) | 8.6 × 10–3 | 2059.97 | 0.0323 | 2.78 × 10–4 | |
| Western | Infants (0–11 months) | 450 | 0.04 | 0.0323 | 14.54 |
| Toddlers (12–35 months) | 130 | 0.14 | 0.0323 | 4.20 | |
| Children (36–10 years) | 100 | 0.18 | 0.0323 | 3.23 | |
| Adolescents (11–17 years) | 60 | 0.30 | 0.0323 | 1.94 | |
| Adults (18–64 years) | 43 | 0.42 | 0.0323 | 1.39 |
Margin of Exposure-MOE.
Mean ochratoxin A- Upper East = 18.22 µg/kg, Northern = 14.14 µg/kg, Ashanti = 11.52 µg/kg, Eastern = 17.75 µg/kg.
Central = 4.92 µg/kg, Western = 24.19 µg/kg.
Daily intake of maize for infants and toddlers were halved (0.5 × 0.107 kg/day).
Daily intake of 0.107 kg/day was used for children, adolescents, and adults.
Benchmark Dose Lower limit = 17.86 ng ochratoxins/kg bw/day.