Table 3.
Total oxidative stress (TOS) after coronary reperfusion.
| References | Measure | Baseline | 15–30 min | 1–3 h | 3–8 h | 12 h | 24 h | 48–72 h | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shafiei et al. (25) | MDA (nmol/ml) | ctr | 35.96 ± 10.37 | 42.53 ± 12.37 | 45.13 ± 12.52 | ||||
| NAC | 22.92 ± 4.33 | 14.11 ± 8.02 | 11.74 ± 6.17 | ||||||
| p | NS | <0.05 | <0.05 | ||||||
| Pasupathy et al. (27) | (log) MDA (μM) | ctr | 0.81 ± 0.03 | ||||||
| NAC | 0.82 ± 0.03 | ||||||||
| p | <0.01 | ||||||||
| (log) MPO a (ng/ml) |
ctr | 2.31 ± 0.09 | |||||||
| NAC | 2.37 ± 0.06 | ||||||||
| p | 0.64 | ||||||||
| Jalakandan et al. (31) | MDA a (nmol/ml) | ctr | 1.40 ± 0.63 | 2.26 ± 1.03 | |||||
| NAC | 1.70 ± 0.87 | 1.58 ± 1.12 | |||||||
| p | 0.164 | 0.033 | |||||||
| Ozaydin et al. (37) | TOS a (mmol h2o2/L) | ctr | 19.2 (4.9–38.8) | 24.2 (2.2–41.9) | |||||
| NAC | 18.7 (3.0–65.0) | 19.3 (4.0–41.0) | |||||||
| p | 0.81 | <0.0001 | |||||||
| Buyukhatipoglu et al. (39) | Serum TOC (μmol H2O2/L) | ctr | 13.80 ±3.64 | 20.38 ±5.58 | |||||
| NAC | 15.35 ±4.30 | 18.90 ±5.58 | |||||||
| p | NS | NS | |||||||
| Urine TOC (μmol H2O2/L) | ctr | 19.46 ±5.96 | 28.99 ±9.23 | ||||||
| NAC | 21.02 ±7.17 | 29.27 ±7.99 | |||||||
| p | NS | NS | |||||||
| Kurian et al. (40) | MDA (nM/g Hb) | ctr | 0.9 ± 0.11 | 3.379 ± 0.18 | 3.121 ± 0.18 | 2.324 ± 0.14 | |||
| NAC | 0.955 ± 0.10 | 2.685 ± 0.19 | 2.198 ± 0.11 | 1.501 ± 0.12 | |||||
| p | NS | NS | <0.05 | <0.05 | |||||
| Thiele et al. (41) | AOPP a (μmol/L) (fold of baseline) |
ctr | 40.4 (27.5–54.3) | 1.025 ± 0.32 | 1.083 ± 1.12 | 0.9 ± 0.45 | |||
| NAC | 40.9 (29.9–58.9) | 0.9 ± 0.67 | 0.77 (NA) | 0.85 (NA) | |||||
| p | 0.3 | NS | <0.05 | NS | |||||
| oxidized LDL a (ng/ml) (fold of baseline) | ctr | 32.3 (12.7–141.8) | 1.07 ± 0.22 | 1.07 ± 0.34 | 1.12 ± 0.34 | ||||
| NAC | 34.8 (16.4–95.1) | 0.91 ± 0.45 | 0.8 ± 0.45 | 0.83 ± 0.56 | |||||
| p | 0.94 | NS | <0.05 | <0.05 | |||||
| Karahan et al. (49) | MDA (nmol/ml) | ctr | 1.46 ± 0.23 | 3.11 ± 0.70 | 2.81 ± 0.61 | 2.41 ± 0.56 | 2.04 ± 0.41 | ||
| NAC | 1.45 ± 0.24 | 2.2 ± 0.38 | 1.85 ± 0.31 | 1.58 ± 0.27 | 1.46 ± 0.24 | ||||
| p | 0.909 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Prabhu et al. (42) | MDA (nM/gHb) | ctr | 15 ± 1.3 | 19 ± 2.5 | 17.5 ± 1.5 | 16 ± 1.3 | |||
| NAC | 14 ± 2.6 | 18 ± 2.3 | 16.5 ± 1.4 | 14 ± 1.2 | |||||
| p | NS | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.001 | |||||
| Köksal et al. (44) | MDA a (nmol/ml) | ctr | 0.72 ± 0.13 | 0.89 ± 0.20 | |||||
| NAC | 0.67 ± 0.13 | 0.76 ± 0.14 | |||||||
| p | NS | <0.05 | |||||||
| Koramaz et al. (48) | MDA a(nmol/ml) | ctr | 1.62 ± 0.31 | 2.6 ± 0.15 | 2.6 ± 0.77 | 2.25 ± 0.50 | 2 ± 0.04 | ||
| NAC | 1.5 ± 0.31 | 1.4 ± 0.12 | 1.4 ± 0.39 | 1.3 ± 0.31 | 1.1 ± 0.03 | ||||
| p | NS | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | <0.05 | ||||
| Sucu et al. (52) | MPO a U (mg protein)−1h−1 |
ctr | 0.034 ± 0.01 | 0.062 ± 0.02 | 0.055 ± 0.02 | 0.038 ± 0.01 | |||
| NAC | 0.032 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.06 | 0.038 ± 0.01 | 0.031 ± 0.01 | |||||
| p | 0.592 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||||
| MDA a (nmol/ml) | ctr | 7.1 ± 5.4 | 12.6 ± 5.7 | 14.75 ± 5.9 | 10.1 ± 4.7 | ||||
| NAC | 7.5 ± 3.3 | 8.75 ± 2.9 | 10.25 ± 2.5 | 7.8 ± 2.8 | |||||
| p | 0.675 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | |||||
| Eren et al. (53) | MDA (nmol/ml) | ctr | 2.34 ± 0.31 | 2.84 ± 0.72 | |||||
| NAC | 2.19 ± 0.42 | 2.51 ± 0.65 | |||||||
| p | NS | 0.043 | |||||||
| Yang et al. (56) | GSSH (mol/L) | ctr | 0.15 ± 0.23 | 0.12 ± 0.08 | 0.11 ± 0.07 | ||||
| NAC | 0.14 ± 0.11 | 0.08 ± 0.05 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | ||||||
| p | NS | NS | <0.05 |
All numbers represent means ± SDs unless they are italicized, which indicate median (with IQRs). Ctr, control group; NAC, N-acetylcysteine group. NS, non-significant.
“a″
indicates that the values were extracted from figures of the cited reference. MDA, malanodealdehyde; TOC, total oxidant capacity; AOPPs, advanced oxidation protein products; MPO, myeloperoxidase; TOS, total oxidative stress; LDL, low density lipoprotein; GSSH, oxidized glutathione; Hb, Hemoglobin; g, gram(s); L, liter(s); ml, milliliter(s); nmol, nanomole(s).