Figure 4.

Drugs targeting T lymphocytes and their mechanisms. Curcumin and calcitriol can regulate the differentiation of Th cells, thus playing a therapeutic role. Both of them can inhibit the loss of alveolar bone by changing the proportion and function of Th cell subsets, which is manifested by the increase of Treg cells and the decrease of Th17 cells. Calcitriol intervention can also increase Th2 polarization potential and decrease Th1 promoter (97, 98). In addition, curcumin also exerts antibacterial and antioxidanteffects (99, 100). AsIV can increase peripheral blood CD4(+)T cell percentages and the CD4(+)CD8/CD8(+) T-cell ratio, while the percentage of CD8(+) T cells can be significantly reduced, as well as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IgA and IgG (96). AsIV, Astragaloside IV.