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. 2021 Nov 19;11:784672. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.784672

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Interactions between USP7 and its substrates in double-strand DNA breaks, homologous recombination repair (HRR), cell cycle checkpoint activation, nucleotide excision repair (NER), and DNA damage bypass. In response to DNA damage, USP7 regulates multiple proteins in double-strand DNA breaks (ATR-CHK1 and ATM-CHK2 signaling cascades), homologous recombination repair (HRR), cell cycle checkpoint activation, nucleotide excision repair (NER), and DNA damage bypass. Dotted arrow: deubiquitination; Brackets with a “+”: promotional effect; Brackets with a “-”: inhibitory effect. USP7, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7; CHK1, checkpoint kinase 1; MDC1, mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1; PHF8, plant homeodomain finger‐containing protein 8; RNF168, ring finger protein 168; RNF169, ring finger protein 169; XPC, xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C; UVSSA, UV-stimulated scaffold protein A; HLTF, helicase-like transcription factor.