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. 2021 Nov 19;11:739144. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.739144

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Copyright © 2021 Lai, Chen, Lin, Lin, Lin, Chen and Kuo

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Various surgical technique of nipple sparing mastectomy (NSM). This figure showed various NSM techniques used in the current study, including conventional breast surgery, 2D endoscopic breast surgery (dual-areolar-axillary-incision), 2D endoscopic single-axillary-incision breast surgery, robotic assisted breast surgery, and single-port 3D assisted breast surgery. Photos are shown in each category including pre-operative frown view, post-operative front view, post-operative lateral view, and cartoon illustration of scar location.