Table 2.
Comparison of the energy value and total sugar content in non-alcoholic beverages, based on the presence of added sugar and low and/or no-calorie sweeteners (LNCS).
| Added sugar | Added LNCS | 2017 | 2019 | 2020 | Energy value (kJ/100 mL) | Total sugar content (g/100 mL) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 2019 | 2020 | 2017 | 2019 | 2020 | ||||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||
| Total | 1043 (100%) | 1221 (100%) | 1650 (100%) | 152.2 (66.5) | 147.9 (70.9) | 140.1 (72.2)*** | 8 (3.6) | 7.6 (3.8) | 7.3 (3.9)*** | ||
| – | – | 300 (28.7%) | 398 (32.6%) | 435 (26.4%) | 174.8 (69.1) | 174.9 (67.6) | 179.9 (91.7) | 8.3 (3.8) | 8.2 (3.8) | 8.3 (3.9) | |
| ✓ | – | 605 (58.0%) | 634 (52.9%) | 882 (53.5%) | 161.8 (50.8) | 159 (52.7) | 154 (54)** | 8.9 (2.7) | 8.7 (2.8) | 8.5 (3)** | |
| – | ✓ | 59 (5.7%) | 97 (7.9%) | 152 (9.2%) | 22.3 (37.9) | 14.3 (27.9) | 13 (20.3) | 1 (2.1) | 0.4 (1.4) | 0.3 (1)* | |
| ✓ | ✓ | 79 (7.6%) | 92 (7.5%) | 181 (11.0%)** | 92.8 (28.1) | 96.2 (40) | 98.4 (41.1) | 4.8 (1.5) | 5.1 (2.3) | 5.3 (2.3) | |
| Soft drinks | 555 | 601 | 898 | 126.8 (61.8) | 119.8 (63.3) | 109*** (61.2) | 7 (3.5) | 6.5 (3.5) | 6 (3.5)*** | ||
| – | – | 26 | 43 | 45 | 60.2 (66.8) | 70 (55.4) | 40.8 (51.5) | 2.5 (3.5) | 2.4 (2.5) | 1.5 (2.3) | |
| ✓ | – | 436 | 440 | 613 | 146.3 (48.4) | 142.5 (50.9) | 134.8** (47.4) | 8.2 (2.7) | 7.9 (2.7) | 7.6 (2.7)** | |
| – | ✓ | 39 | 50 | 105 | 4.4 (4.8) | 5.8 (8) | 9.4** (14.6) | 0.1 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.8) | 0.2 (0.6)** | |
| ✓ | ✓ | 54 | 68 | 135 | 90.4 (29.7) | 87.5 (35.1) | 91.9 (33.8) | 4.9 (1.6) | 4.7 (2) | 5 (1.9) | |
| Juices | – | – | 267 | 330 | 350 | 186.7 (57) | 190.5 (54.8) | 193 (52.8) | 8.8 (3.3) | 9.1 (3.1) | 9.4 (2.9)* |
| Nectars | 135 | 158 | 229 | 190 (45.7) | 184.8 (46.9) | 190.4 (50.2) | 10 (2.4) | 9.5 (2.8) | 9.6 (3.3) | ||
| – | – | 5 | 23 | 39 | 135 (107.5) | 141.8 (75) | 145.4 (68.7) | 7.8 (6.6) | 6.8 (4.3) | 5.9 (4.1) | |
| ✓ | – | 114 | 124 | 178 | 203.3 (29.1) | 198.8 (28.6) | 204.6 (33.7) | 10.6 (1.6) | 10.4 (1.8) | 10.8 (2.1) | |
| – | ✓ | 10 | 6 | 5 | 104.7 (5.4) | 116.5 (23.1) | 91.6 (29.5) | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.2 (0.7) | 4.6 (1.6) | |
| ✓ | ✓ | 6 | 5 | 7 | 125.5 (29.1) | 117.2 (16) | 105.7 (14.7) | 6.5 (1.6) | 6 (0.6) | 5.7 (0.4) | |
| Energy drinks | 65 | 110 | 136 | 174.2 (72.9) | 135.6 (92.9) | 141.5 (88.9)** | 9.6 (4.2) | 7.4 (5.5) | 7.7 (5.2)** | ||
| – | – | 2 | 2 | 1 | 240 | 203 (52.3) | 224 | 13 | 11.4 (2.3) | 12.5 | |
| ✓ | – | 52 | 62 | 79 | 203.8 (28.7) | 203.1 (31.4) | 197.5 (40.6) | 11.4 (1.6) | 11.3 (1.8) | 11 (2.3) | |
| – | ✓ | 8 | 36 | 35 | 11.5 (4.7) | 10.6 (7.2) | 12.2 (6.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| ✓ | ✓ | 3 | 10 | 21 | 72.7 (7.2) | 153.9 (45.6) | 142.4 (70.1) | 3.7 (0.4) | 8.3 (2.7) | 7.8 (3.9) | |
| Sports drinks | 21 | 22 | 37 | 85.1 (30.9) | 74.2 (41.5) | 81.3 (38.3) | 3.9 (1.4) | 3.5 (2.1) | 3.7 (2) | ||
| ✓ | – | 3 | 8 | 12 | 102.7 (26.5) | 104.5 (16.3) | 103.1 (24.1) | 5.1 (1.2) | 5.3 (0.7) | 5.2 (0.9) | |
| – | ✓ | 2 | 5 | 7 | 2.5 (3.5) | 4.6 (2.6) | 13.7 (21.5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| ✓ | ✓ | 16 | 9 | 18 | 92.1 (12.3) | 86 (13.7) | 93.1 (14.4) | 4.2 (0.4) | 3.9 (0.2) | 4.2 (0.4) | |
N, number of products; SD, standard deviation.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Data for 2017 and 2019 from Hafner et. al (26).