Table 1.
Regional Distribution of Endogenous Brain Oxytocin Levels (nM) in Rhesus Macaques Prior to Exogenous Oxytocin Administration. a
| 80 IN |
40 IN |
80 IV |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monkey ID # (Sex) | ID #2 (M) | ID #4 (M) | ID #1 (F) | ID #5 (F) | ID #3 (F) | ID #6 (F) |
| Cerebellum | ND | <1 | 12 | <1 | ND | + |
| Brainstem | 28 | 19 | 40 | 51 | 60 | 20 |
| Striatum | 9 | 97 | 3 | 7 | 79 | 86 |
| Amygdala | 32 | 131 | NM | 214 | 25 | 40 |
| Thalamus | 6 | 17 | 24 | 40 | 21 | 155 |
| Visual cortex | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| Insular cortex | ND | <1 | NM | 2 | 1 | ND |
| dPFC | ND | 1 | ND | 1 | 2 | ND |
| mPFC | ND | <1 | <1 | <1 | ND | ND |
| OFC | 2.2 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 2 | ND |
| Hypothalamus | 368 | 32,000 | 895 | |||
| Hippocampus | 15 | 5 | 5 | |||
dPFC = dorsal prefrontal cortex; F = female; IN = intranasal; IV = intravenous; M = male; mPFC = medial prefrontal cortex; ND = not detected; nM = nanomolar; NM = not measured; OFC = orbital frontal cortex; + = detected but not quantifiable.
a
Material from: Lee and others (2020). Labeled oxytocin administered via the intranasal route reaches the brain in rhesus macaques, Nature Communications, published 2020 by Springer Nature under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY license.