Table 2.
Comparing Participants’ Characteristics and Responses to COVID-19 Questions Between Gender.
| Mean (SD) | t (P-value) | Cohen’s d | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female (N = 97) | Male (N = 42) | |||
| Age (year) | 71.16 (8.09) | 73.05 (7.36) | 1.29 (.20) | −.24 |
| Educational status (junior high or below) a | 37 (38.1) | 9 (21.4) | 3.70 (.054) | — |
| Number of diseases | 1.02 (1.24) | 1.48 (1.33) | 1.94 (.054) | −.36 |
| Perceived chances of COVID-19 infection | 1.47 (.83) | 1.60 (.99) | .74 (.46) | −.14 |
| Paying attention to COVID-19 news | 4.08 (1.04) | 4.14 (1.24) | .30 (.77) | −.05 |
| COVID-19 news searching | 1.97 (1.37) | 2.07 (1.47) | .40 (.69) | −.07 |
| Believing in COVID-19 news | 2.84 (.64) | 2.85 (.62) | .06 (.95) | −.02 |
| Handwashing | 4.86 (.54) | 4.62 (.91) | 1.91 (.06) | .32 |
| Avoid touching eyes/nose/mouth | 4.79 (.66) | 4.62 (.79) | 1.35 (.18) | .23 |
| Covering mouth when sneezing | 4.92 (.40) | 4.74 (.83) | 1.73 (.09) | .28 |
| Fear of COVID-19 | 1.72 (.69) | 1.99 (1.00) | 1.84 (.07) | −.31 |
aPresented using n (%) and tested using χ2.
Cohen’s d is calculated using (mean of female group–mean of male group)⁄SDpooled, an absolute d at .2 indicates small effect; at .5 moderate; at .8 large.