Skip to main content
. 2020 Jun 1;51(16):2886–2894. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720001567

Table 3.

Mean scores (standard deviation) for cognitive variables across clusters

Clusters Statistics Post-hoc Cohen's d
C1 Preserved (n = 68) C2 Selectively impaired (n = 66) C3 Globally impaired (n = 40) F p C1 v. C2 C1 v. C3 C2 v. C3 C1 v. C2 C1 v. C3 C2 v. C3
Attention/working memory −0.51 (−0.88) −0.74 (0.62) −1.71 (0.45) 54.41 <0.001a 0.071 <0.001a <0.001a 0.30 1.72 1.79
Forward digit (WAIS-IV) −0.7 (0.66) −0.89 (0.77) −1.9 (0.59) 41.32 <0.001a 0.331 <0.001a <0.001a 0.26 1.92 1.47
Backward digit (WAIS-IV) −0.33 (0.79) −0.6 (0.75) −1.5 (0.54) 34.80 <0.001a 0.091 <0.001a <0.001a 0.35 1.73 1.38
Verbal memory −0.49 (0.74) −1.07 (0.72) −1.92 (0.85) 44.52 <0.001a <0.001a <0.001a <0.001a 2.14 1.79 1.08
First trial (RAVLT) −0.65 (0.81) −0.92 (0.78) −1.49 (1.14) 11.22 <0.001a 0.251 <0.001a 0.005 0.34 0.85 0.58
Immediate recall (RAVLT) −0.56 (0.87) −1.26 (1.0) −2.38 (0.98) 46.42 <0.001a <0.001a <0.001a <0.001a 0.75 1.96 1.13
Delayed recall (RAVLT) −0.27 (0.88) −1.02 (0.92) −1.89 (0.96) 40.53 <0.001a <0.001a <0.001a <0.001a 0.83 1.76 0.93
Executive function −0.45 (0.72) −0.79 (0.63) −1.83 (0.48) 60.9 <0.001a 0.007 <0.001a <0.001a 0.50 2.26 1.86
TMT part A −0.27 (0.97) −0.5 (0.87) −1.76 (0.82) 37.61 <0.001a 0.426 <0.001a <0.001a 0.25 1.66 1.49
TMT part B −0.01 (1.05) −0.61 (0.93) −1.98 (0.62) 38.66 <0.001a 0.003 <0.001a <0.001a 0.60 2.28 1.73
DSST (WAIS-IV) −0.29 (0.88) −0.66 (0.74) −1.82 (0.76) 47.01 <0.001a 0.022 <0.001a <0.001a 0.46 1.86 1.55
Categories (WCST) −1.11 (0.82) −1.34 (0.76) −1.84 (0.44) 12.01 <0.001a 0.240 <0.001a 0.003 0.29 1.11 0.81
Verbal ability −0.46 (0.64) −0.71 (0.67) −1.86 (0.48) 68.06 <0.001a 0.06 <0.001a <0.001a 0.38 2.47 1.97
Phonemic fluency (PMR) −0.45 (0.77) −0.67 (0.73) −1.68 (0.66) 37.58 <0.001a 0.255 <0.001a <0.001a 0.29 1.72 1.45
Semantic fluency (Animals) −0.6 (0.86) −0.98 (0.83) −1.97 (0.78) 34.31 <0.001a 0.025 <0.001a <0.001a 0.45 1.67 1.23
Similarities (WAIS-IV) −0.34 (1.0) −0.49 (1.02) −1.93 (0.82) 37.12 <0.001a 1.0 <0.001a <0.001a 0.15 1.74 1.56

WAIS: Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, RAVLT: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, TMT: Trail Making Test, DSST: Digit Symbol Substitution Test, WCST: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test.

a

Analysis of variance or χ2 tests statistically significant after applying Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (p < 0.003).