Table 3.
Summary of the main features of the antibody-based assays used in this study.
| Antibody assays | Isotype/Sub-isotype | Functional | Turnaround | Throughput | Suitable for Standardisation (WHO Standard) | Potential to derive a Correlate of Protection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pan Ig ELISA - N | IgG+IgA+IgM | No | 24 hours | Medium | Yes | Unknown |
| Pan Ig ELISA - S | IgG+IgA+IgM | No | 24 hours | Medium | Yes | Possible |
| ECLIA (total Antibody) - N | IgG+IgA+IgM | No | 24 hours | Medium- High | Likely | Unknown |
| ECLIA (total antibody) - S | IgG+IgA+IgM | No | 24 hours | Medium- High | Likely | Possible |
| Multiplexed Bead Flow Cytometry – Luminex (IgG/IgA/IgM) | IgG/IgA/IgM | No | 6 hours | Medium- High | Potentially | Possible |
| Semi-automated Immunoblotting | IgG/IgA/IgM | No | 4 hours | Medium- High | Potentially | Possible |
| Lateral Flow IgG/IgM | IgG/IgM | No | 30 mins | Low | No | No |
| EDNA | N/A | Yes; TRIM-21 mediated CTL | 48 hours | Low | Not possible at the moment | Unknown |
| pMN | N/A | Yes; Virus neutralisation | 48 hours | Low | Yes | Reasonably likely |
IgG+IgA+IgM, indicates the three isotypes are detected simultaneously in the assay. IgG/IgA/IgM, indicates that each isotype generates a separate reading.