Table 5.
List of digital mobility outcomes (primary and secondary digital mobility outcomes (DMOs)) that will be analysed as part of the technical validation study
| Variables | DMOs (units) | Definition | DMO attainable | |||
| DynaPort MM+ | SP System | INDIP | Aeqora App | |||
|
Walking bout (WB) A walking sequence containing at least two consecutive strides of both feet. Start and end of a WB are determined by a resting period or any other activity (non-walking period). |
Number of WBs (count) | Based on the identification of gait as an activity (yes/no) to a sample level of 0.1 s | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| WB start (s) | Start of WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| WB end (s) | End of WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| WB duration (s) | Time between start and the end of WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
|
Stride/step duration (SD) Refers to the duration (time intervals) of strides/steps, calculated as the time in between two non-consecutive (alternate) initial contacts. |
Stride duration (s) | Duration between two non-consecutive (alternate) initial contact events | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Step duration (s) | Duration between two consecutive initial contact events | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Cadence (CE) | Cadence (steps/min) | Steps performed within a minute | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Stride length (SL) | Mean stride length (m) | Average stride length within a WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
|
Real world Walking speed (RWS) |
Walking speed (m/s) | Velocity, average stride speed within a WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Turning | Number of turns | Overall number of turns performed in a WB based on the identification of turns (yes/no) to a sample level of 0.1 s | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Turn start (s) | Start of each turn within the WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Turn end (s) | End of each turn within the WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Turn duration (s) | Time between the start and the end of the turns within the WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Maximal turn angle (deg) | Maximal angle achieved in the turn | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Height estimation | Elevation change (m) | Difference between the minimal and maximal height or elevation for the complete walking bout detected for incline walking | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Left/Right identification | Laterality (label) | Left or right category, indicating the foot with which the initial contact is performed | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Secondary outcomes (SO) | Number of final contact events (counts) | Correct identification of final contact events | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Final contact event (s) | Instant of time at which each final contact event is performed within a walking bout | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Swing phase duration (s) | Time between the last contact of the current footfall and the first contact of the next footfall on the same foot | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Stance phase duration (s) | Time in between the first contact and the last contact of two consecutive footfalls on the same foot | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Variability of: step time, stride time, swing time, stance time stride velocity stride length (same units as variable) |
St. Dev. and Coefficient of Variation of step time, of stride time, of swing time, of stance time, of stride velocity and stride length within a WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Asymmetry of: step time, stride time, swing time, stance time (same units as variable) |
Asymmetry evaluated as difference between right and left steps or strides for step time, of stride time, of swing time and of stance time within a WB | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Contextual factors | Location (label indoor/outdoor) |
WB completed in an indoor or outdoor environment | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Walking aid (label yes/no) |
Walking aid assistance during WB | ✓ | ✓ | |||
INDIP, INertial module with DIstance Sensors and Pressure insoles; SP, stereophotogrammetric.