Table 3.
Changes in physical function and measurements
| Control group | After-Care group | p-value† | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
||||||
| Baseline | 12 weeks | p-value* | Baseline | 12 weeks | p-value* | ||
| 2MWT (m) | 180.2 ± 23.6 | 188.6 ± 28.9 | <0.001 | 180.7 ± 24.3 | 194.4 ± 23.9 | <0.001 | 0.040 |
| Grip strength | |||||||
| Right (kg) | 31.2 ± 8.7 | 31.9 ± 8.9 | 0.215 | 31.3 ± 6.9 | 32.2 ± 6.3 | 0.018 | 0.718 |
| Left (kg) | 31.1 ± 6.9 | 31.6 ± 7.3 | 0.379 | 31.7 ± 6.7 | 33.1 ± 6.2 | 0.001 | 0.287 |
| 30-second chair stand test (/30 s) | 18.9 ± 21.1 | 21.1 ± 7.3 | <0.001 | 19.7 ± 6.5 | 22.4 ± 6.8 | <0.001 | 0.586 |
| SPPB (score) | 11.5 ± 1.0 | 11.6 ± 1.1 | 0.228 | 11.5 ± 1.0 | 11.7 ± 0.8 | 0.070 | 0.795 |
| Vital sign | |||||||
| sBP (mmHg) | 134.1 ± 12.7 | 131.5 ± 13.2 | 0.093 | 133.3 ± 13.7 | 134.5 ± 13.8 | 0.529 | 0.241 |
| dBP (mmHg) | 77.7 ± 10.8 | 76.5 ± 8.4 | 0.349 | 77.9 ± 9.9 | 76.1 ± 8.9 | 0.111 | 0.114 |
| PR (/min) | 76.2 ± 10.5 | 76.1 ± 9.5 | 0.917 | 77.3 ± 11.1 | 78.4 ± 10.8 | 0.281 | 0.422 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.8 ± 2.8 | 25.9 ± 3.0 | 0.149 | 25.2 ± 2.7 | 25.4 ± 2.5 | 0.097 | 0.241 |
| Body composition | |||||||
| Skeletal muscle (kg) | 28.9 ± 3.6 | 28.5 ± 3.6 | <0.001 | 28.6 ± 3.4 | 28.5 ± 3.2 | 0.282 | 0.069 |
| Body fat ratio (%) | 28.0 ± 6.0 | 28.9 ± 6.5 | 0.001 | 27.5 ± 6.0 | 28.4 ± 5.3 | 0.005 | 0.862 |
Values are expressed as mean ± SD.
*
p-value between baseline and 12 weeks.
†
Group effect p-value analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.
2MWT, 2-minute walking test; SPPB, short physical performance battery; sBP, systolic blood pressure; dBP, diastolic blood pressure; PR, pulse rate; BMI, body mass index.