Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review
| First author, year, Nation | Journal | Study design | N patients | Age (years) | Sex | Infection Classification (Active vs. Quiescent) |
Average Follow-up Duration (Months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anagnostakos et al. 2016 [11] (Germany) | Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery | Retrospective | 22 | 59.7 |
11 M 11 F |
Active | 44.8 |
| Bauer et al. 2010 [12] (France) | Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research | Retrospective | 22 | 60 | N.A. | Active and quiescent | 60 |
| Chen et al. 2008 [13] (China) | International Orthopaedics | Retrospective | 28 | 53 |
22 M 6 F |
Active | 77 |
| Cho et al. 2018 [14] (South Korea) | The Journal of Arthroplasty | Retrospective | 10 | 44.6 |
5 M 4 F |
Active | 44.9 |
| Choe et al. 2015 [15] (Japan) | Modern Rheumatology | Retrospective | 27 | 65 | N.A. | Active | 33 |
| El Ganzoury et al. 2015 [16] (Egypt) | Journal of Orthopaedics | Prospective | 23 | 45 |
15 M 8 F |
Active | 48 |
| Ferrand et al. 2016 [17] (France) | Infectious Diseases | Ambispective | 12 | 60.1 |
74 M 35 F |
Active | 17 |
| Fleck et al. 2011 [18] (USA) | Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research | Retrospective | 14 | 60.8 |
M 7 F 7 |
Active | 50 |
| Flores-Robles et al. 2019 [3] (Spain) | Journal of Clinical Rheumatology | Retrospective | 7 | 56 | N.A. | Active | 12 |
| Fukushima et al. 2021 [19] (Japan) | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Retrospective | 5 | 46.2 | M 5 | Active | 40.2 |
| Gao et al. 2010 [20] (China) | Chinese Medical Journal | Retrospective | 19 | 40.7 |
7 M 12 F |
Quiescent | 34 |
| Huang et al. 2010 [26] (Taiwan) | Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery | Retrospective | 14 | 54.3 |
M 9 F 5 |
Active | 42.5 |
| Hunter et al. 2015 [5] (USA) | Journal of bone and joint surgery | Retrospective | 3 | 55.5 | N.A. | Active | 9 (if one stage was successful).4.9 for single- surgery failure |
| Kaminski et al. 2007 [21] (Germany) | Ortopediia Traumatologia Rehabilitacja | Retrospective | 5 | 29.4 |
4 M 1 F |
Active | 52 |
| Kao et al. 2019 [1] (Taiwan) | Medicine (Baltimore) | Retrospective | 51 | 58.7 |
M 32 F 19 |
Active | 48.8 |
| Khazi et al. 2020 [22] (USA) | Arthroscopy | Retrospective | 421 | N.A. |
222 M 199 F |
Active | 1 |
| Kim et al. 2003 [23] (South Korea) | Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery | Retrospective | 170 | 42.3 | N.A. | Quiescent | 119 |
| Kim et al. 2009 [4] (South Korea) | Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research | Retrospective | 62 | 47.5 |
22 M 40 F |
Quiescent | 182.4 |
| Kim et al. 2018 [24] (South Korea) | Hip International | Retrospective | 7 | 50.9 |
M 4 F 3 |
Active | 16 |
| Kunze et al. 2020 [25] (USA) | Arthroplasty today | Retrospective | 12 | 60.2 |
M 7 F 5 |
Active and quiescent | 3.3 |
| Lee et al. 2014 [27] (South Korea) | Knee Surgery, Sports, traumatology, Arthroscopy | Retrospective | 9 | 45 |
M 4 F 5 |
Active | 18 |
| Li et al. 2016 [28] (China) | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research | Retrospective | 9 | 50 |
M 5 F 4 |
Active | 40 |
| Lustig et al. 2007 [29] (France) | Revue de chirurgie orthopedique et reparatrice de l’appareil moteur | Retrospective | 17 | 53 |
6 M 11 F |
Quiescent | 72 |
| Nusem et al. 2006 [30] (Australia) | Arthroscopy | Retrospective | 6 | 24 |
M 3 F 3 |
Active | 22 |
| Ohtsuru et al. 2016 [31] (Japan) | Hip International | Retrospective | 15 | 55.9 |
9 M 6 F |
Active | N.A. |
| Papanna et al. 2017 [32] (Japan) | Hip International | Retrospective | 18 | 58 |
M 21 F 15 |
Active and quiescent |
70 72 |
| Park et al. 2005 [33] (South Korea) | The Journal of Arthroplasty | Retrospective | 75 | 51.8 |
36 M 39 F |
Quiescent | 70 |
| Romanò et al. 2012 [41] (Italy) | BMC Infectious Diseases | Prospective | 19 | 55.7 |
M 9 F 10 |
Quiescent | 56.6 |
| Russo et al. 2021 [35] (Italy) | International Orthopaedics | Retrospective | 25 | 56.4 |
M 13 F 12 |
Active | 85.2 |
| Schroder et al. 2016 [36] (Germany) | Advances in Orthopedics | Retrospective | 7 | 44 |
M 4 F 3 |
Active | 27 |
| Shen et al. 2013 [37] (China) | Orthopedics | Retrospective | 5 | 40 | N.A. | Active | 40 |
| Xu et al. 2019 [38] (China) | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Retrospective | 55 | 45.8 |
M 41 F 14 |
Active | 62 |
| Yamamoto et al. 2001 [39] (Japan) | Arthroscopy | Retrospective | 4 | 59 |
M 1 F 3 |
Active | 32 |
| Yoo et al. 2009 [40] (South Korea) | Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research | Retrospective | 38 | 44 |
13 M 25 F |
Quiescent | 100 |
N.A. Not Available