Table 2.
Primary outcome compared to whole population
| No lithium n= 853,583 |
Lithium use n=434 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | Relative risk (95% confidence interval) | ||
| Crude | Adjusted | |||
| Primary outcomes | ||||
| Preeclampsia | 24,008 (2.8) | 15 (3.5) | 1.29 (0.75, 2.02) | 1.01 (0.59, 1.73) |
|
Spontaneous preterm birth Missing n=723 |
25,268 (3.0) | 36 (8.7) | 2.80 (2.02, 3.88) | 2.64 (1.82, 3.82) |
|
Small for gestational age Missing n=1446 |
19,794 (2.3) | 13 (3.0) | 1.29 (0.70, 2.38) | 1.05 (0.54, 2.06) |
|
Large for gestational age Missing n=1446 |
29,619 (3.5) | 39 (9.0) | 2.59 (1.91, 3.51) | 2.64 (1.91, 3.66) |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
|
Macrosomia Missing n=1116 |
158,461 (18.6) | 93 (21.4) | 1.01 (0.25, 4.03) | 1.05 (0.25, 4.32) |
| Hypoglycaemia | 20,877 (2.5) | 24 (5.5) | 2.26 (1.54, 3.33) | 1.46 (0.89, 2.40) |
| Five-minute Apgar < 6 Missing n=5011 | 11,221 (1.3) | 11 (2.5) | 1.92 (1.02, 3.61) | 0.92 (0.38, 2.22) |
| Malformations (all) | 29,240 (3.4) | 19 (4.4) | 1.28 (0.83, 1.98) | 1.41 (0.90, 2.23) |
| Cardiac malformations | 6513 (0.8) | 9 (2.1) | 2.72 (1.43, 5.17) | 3.17 (1.64, 6.13) |
| Perinatal death | 3567 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) | 1.58 (0.39, 6.27) | 1.08 (0.15, 7.67) |
Adjusted analyses were retrieved via inverse probability weighting with maternal age, body mass index, smoking status, country of birth, education, parity, maternal psychiatric illness (schizophrenia, psychosis) and medical conditions, and the use of antipsychotics, neuroleptics and lamotrigine during pregnancy were included as covariates