Table 1.
Antibiotics use before and after admission according to the severity status of COVID-19 patients treated across different treatment centers in Ethiopia in 2020
| Mild | Moderate | Severe and critical | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 242 | N = 78 | N = 161 | N = 481 | |
| Received antibiotics before admission | 16 (2.5%) | 25 (32.1%) | 46 (28.6%) | 87 (18.1%) |
| Oral route | 6 (37.5%) | 14 (56.0%) | 11 (23.9%) | 31 (35.6%) |
| Parenteral route | 7 (43.8%) | 6 (24.0%) | 29 (63.0%) | 42 (48.3%) |
| Both | 3 (18.8%) | 5 (20.0%) | 6 (13.0%) | 14 (16.1%) |
| Received antibiotics during admission | 110 (45.5%) | 73 (93.6%) | 159 (98.8%) | 342 (71.1%) |
| Oral route | 81 (73.6%) | 24 (32.9%) | 3 (1.9%) | 108 (31.6%) |
| Parenteral route | 26 (23.6%) | 23 (31.5%) | 108 (67.9%) | 157 (45.9%) |
| Both | 3 (2.7%) | 26 (35.6%) | 48 (30.2%) | 77 (22.5%) |
| Type of antibiotics | ||||
| Penicillin | 42 (17.4%) | 30 (38.5%) | 19 (11.8%) | 91 (18.9%) |
| Macrolides | 77 (31.8%) | 45 (57.7%) | 51 (31.7%) | 173 (36.0%) |
| Third-generation cephalosporin | 33 (13.6%) | 48 (61.5%) | 135 (83.9%) | 216 (44.9%) |
| Fourth-generation cephalosporin | 0 (0%) | 6 (7.7%) | 26 (16.1%) | 32 (6.7%) |
| Fluoroquinolones | 3 (1.2%) | 5 (6.4%) | 8 (5.0%) | 16 (3.3%) |
| Meropenem | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 20 (12.4%) | 20 (4.2%) |
| Vancomycin | 3 (1.2%) | 22 (28.2%) | 118 (73.3%) | 143 (29.7%) |
| Investigations performed | ||||
| X-ray imaging | 6 (2.5%) | 13 (16.7%) | 34 (21.1%) | 53 (11.0%) |
| Chest computed tomography scan | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (6.4%) | 15 (9.3%) | 20 (4.2%) |
| Complete blood count | 34 (14.0%) | 39 (50.0%) | 95 (59.0%) | 168 (34.9%) |