Table I.
Measurement | Nationality and unrealistic optimism bias | F | P-value | ηp² | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poland | Iran | Kazakhstan | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Myself | Student from my university | Myself | Student from my university | Myself | Student from my university | ||||||||||||||||||||
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | ||||||||||||||
Wave I | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
No match | 5.42a | 2.42 | 5.93a | 2.23 | 5.06b | 2.59 | 6.66b | 2.49 | 3.04c | 2.27 | 4.76c | 2.64 | 41.53 | < 0.001 | 0.05 | ||||||||||
Match | 5.37a | 2.04 | 5.89a | 2.02 | 4.86b | 2.29 | 6.35b | 1.96 | 3.09c | 2.51 | 5.25c | 3.28 | 22.87 | < 0.001 | 0.11 | ||||||||||
Wave II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
No match | 5.19a | 2.55 | 5.71a | 2.54 | 3.84b | 2.23 | 5.86b | 2.38 | 3.84c | 2.23 | 4.79c | 2.26 | 43.72 | < 0.001 | 0.06 | ||||||||||
Match | 5.19a | 2.21 | 5.53a | 2.03 | 4.93b | 1.94 | 6.43b | 1.76 | 2.73c | 1.87 | 4.72c | 2.24 | 30.36 | < 0.001 | 0.14 |
Post-hoc significant differences with Bonferroni correction.