Table XII.
Summary of the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on specific lipid profile parameters
| Effect of non-pharmacological interventions | TC and LDL-C/non-HDL-C | TG | HDL-C | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reduction of trans-fat consumption | +++ | A | – | +++ | A | |
| Reduction of saturated fat consumption | +++ | A | – | – | ||
| Reduction of dietary fat intake | + | B | – | – | ||
| Increase of fibre intake | ++ | A | – | – | ||
| Use of functional foods with phytosterols | ++ | A | – | – | ||
| Reduction of alcohol consumption | – | +++ | A | – | ||
| Regular physical activity | + | B | ++ | A | +++ | A |
| Reduction of consumption of mono- and disaccharides | – | ++ | B | – | ||
| Reduction of excessive body weight | ++ | A | +++ | A | ++ | A |
| Use of supplements containing red yeast rice (monacolin K) | +++ | A | – | – | ||
| Use of supplements containing omega-3 acids | – | +++ | A | – | ||
| Smoking cessation | – | – | + | B | ||
*A, B, and C represent the level of evidence. The effect of a specific intervention is marked ‘+’ or ‘-’ as follows: +++, noticeable effect; ++, less expressed effect; +, little effect; and -, no effect).