Table 4. The comparative studies of multilabel models’ performances on augmented BU-3DFE dataset are presented as follows.

Metric with ↑ indicates the higher the metric value, the better the model performance, and metric with ↓ indicates the lower or smaller the value of the metric the better the model’s performance.

ML-Model	Hamming loss ↓	Ranking loss ↓	Average precision ↑	Coverage ↓
RAKELD	0.3858	0.7223	0.2241	4.0453
CC	0.1825	0.8948	0.2812	4.7270
MLkNN	0.1929	0.9025	0.2573	4.9623
MLARAM	0.3169	0.6963	0.3280	2.9315
ML-CNN	0.1124	0.2278	0.7216	2.2397
VGGML-CNN	0.0628	0.1561	0.8637	1.3140