. 2021 Aug 25;30(3):717–729. doi: 10.1044/2021_AJA-20-00222

Table 3.

Pre-, post-, and follow-up intervention comparisons for the various outcome measures.

Outcome measure	Pre-intervention M (SD) [range]	Analysis protocol	Post-intervention M (SD)	Follow-up M (SD)	Effect size, Cohen's d [95% confidence intervals for T0–T1]	Linear mixed model, Type III test of fixed effects (using all available data)	T0–T1 pairwise comparison: mean difference (SE), significant^*	T0–T2 pairwise comparison: mean difference (SE), significant^*	T1–T2 pairwise comparison: mean difference (SE), significant^*
TFI	58.4 (15.01) [24–90]	Completers analysis	29.98 (20.99) [2–86]	29.53 (21.55) [3–84]	1.60 [0.91, 2.23]	F(2, 43) = 34.42, p = .001^*	28.04 (SE = 3.94), p = .001 ^*	29.48 (SE = 4.30), p = .001 ^*	1.44 (SE = 4.46), p = 1.00
TFI	58.4 (15.01) [24–90]	Imputation analysis	29.55 (19.36) [2–86]	29.71 (17.49)	1.76 [1.11, 2.36]	F(2, 43) = 34.42, p = .001^*	28.04 (SE = 3.94), p = .001 ^*	29.48 (SE = 4.30), p = .001 ^*	1.44 (SE = 4.46), p = 1.00
GAD-7	7.15 (4.68) [1–17]	Completers analysis	4.57 (4.02) [0–14]	4.35 (2.42) [0–9]	0.58 [−0.02, 1.16]	F(2, 39) = 7.07, p = .002^*	2.74 (SE = 0.82), p = .005^*	2.68 (SE = 0.91), p = .01^*	−.07 (SE = 0.93), p = 1.00
GAD-7	7.15 (4.68) [1–17]	Imputation analysis	4.69 (3.75) [0–14]	4.91 (2.43) [0–9]	0.58 [0.03, 1.12]	F(2, 39) = 7.07, p = .002^*	2.74 (SE = 0.82), p = .005^*	2.68 (SE = 0.91), p = .01^*	−.07 (SE = 0.93), p = 1.00
PHQ-9	6.00 (3.17) [0–12]	Completers analysis	4.91 (3.94) [0–14]	4.71 (2.78) [1–9]	0.30 [−0.28, 0.89]	F(2, 39) = 1.99, p = .15	N/A N/A
PHQ-9	6.00 (3.17) [0–12]	Imputation analysis	4.76 (3.71) [0–14]	4.52 (2.51) [1–9]	0.36 [−0.18, 0.89]	F(2, 39) = 1.99, p = .15	N/A N/A
ISI	12.67 (6.50) [2–27]	Completers analysis	8.85 (6.02) [0–20] 7.04 (4.81)	11.53 (6.43) [1–23]	0.61 [0.01, 1.19]	F(2, 35) = 7.90, p = .001^*	4.32 (SE = 1.09), p = .001^*	2.43 (SE = 1.16), p = .13	−1.90 (SE = 1.20), p = .37
ISI	12.67 (6.50) [2–27]	Imputation analysis	8.74 (5.35) [0–20]	10.69 (5.27) [1–23]	0.66 [0.10, 1.20]	F(2, 35) = 7.90, p = .001^*	4.32 (SE = 1.09), p = .001^*	2.43 (SE = 1.16), p = .13	−1.90 (SE = 1.20), p = .37
EQ-5D-5L	7.33 (1.94) [5–15]	Completers analysis	6.40 (1.19) [5–9]	6.53 (1.18) [5–9]	0.56 [−0.04, 1.14]	F(2, 32) = 6.73, p = .004^*	0.90 (SE = 0.26), p = .005^*	.77 (SE = 0.28), p = .03^*	−.13 (SE = 0.30), p = 1.00
EQ-5D-5L	7.33 (1.94) [5–15]	Imputation analysis	6.57 (1.15) [5–9]	6.42 (1.01) [5–9]	0.46 [−0.13, 1.04]	F(2, 32) = 6.73, p = .004^*	0.90 (SE = 0.26), p = .005^*	.77 (SE = 0.28), p = .03^*	−.13 (SE = 0.30), p = 1.00
EQ-5D-5L VAS	73.85 (16.03) [9–90]	Completers analysis	81.60 (7.50) [70–90]	80.94 (10.35) [50–90]	0.59 [−0.01, 1.17]	F(2, 18) = 2.63, p = .10	N/A
EQ-5D-5L VAS	73.85 (16.03) [9–90]	Imputation analysis	80.71 (6.96) [70–90]	81.01 (8.42) [50–90	0.56 [0.00, 1.09]	F(2, 18) = 2.63, p = .10	N/A
THS: Tinnitus	7.15 (4.13) [1–6]	Completers analysis	3.70 (4.47) [0–14]	3.69 (4.27) [0–16]	0.81 [0.19, 1.39]	F(2, 36) = 15.17, p = .001^*	3.31 (SE = 0.68), p = .001^*	3.28 (SE = 0.74), p = .001^*	−.03 (SE = 0.77), p = 1.0
THS: Tinnitus	7.15 (4.13) [1–6]	Imputation analysis	3.87 (3.91) [0–14]	3.61 (3.54) [0–16]	0.82 [0.25, 1.36]	F(2, 36) = 15.17, p = .001^*	3.31 (SE = 0.68), p = .001^*	3.28 (SE = 0.74), p = .001^*	−.03 (SE = 0.77), p = 1.0
THS: Hearing	7.04 (4.33) [0–16]	Completers analysis	4.05 (3.65) [0–12]	3.69 (3.30) [0–12]	0.74 [0.13, 1.32]	F(2, 36) = 10.39, p = .001^*	2.9 (SE = 0.76), p = .002^*	3.2 (SE = 0.82), p = .001^*	.36 (SE = 0.85), p = 1.0
THS: Hearing	7.04 (4.33) [0–16]	Imputation analysis	4.32 (3.2) [0–12]	3.41 (2.86) [0–12]	0.71 [0.15, 1.25]	F(2, 36) = 10.39, p = .001^*	2.9 (SE = 0.76), p = .002^*	3.2 (SE = 0.82), p = .001^*	.36 (SE = 0.85), p = 1.0
THS: Sound tolerance	1.33 (1.24) [0–4]	Completers analysis	0.60 (0.82) [0–3]	0.81 (0.98) [0–3]	0.67 [0.07, 1.26]	F(2, 36) = 7.23, p = .002^*	0.76 (SE = 0.21), p = .002^*	.48 (SE = 0.23), p = .11	−.29 (SE = 0.23), p = .66
THS: Sound tolerance	1.33 (1.24) [0–4]	Imputation analysis	0.61 (0.76) [0–3]	0.84 (0.89) [0–3]	0.70 [0.14, 1.24]	F(2, 36) = 7.23, p = .002^*	0.76 (SE = 0.21), p = .002^*	.48 (SE = 0.23), p = .11	−.29 (SE = 0.23), p = .66
TCQ	41.7 (11.37) [22–62]	Completers analysis	29.65 (13.94) [11–57]	29.19 (13.11) [7–48]	1.76 [1.06, 2.41]	F(2, 37) = 13.87, p = .001^*	12.00 (SE = 2.63), p = .001^*	12.27 (SE = 2.86), p = .001^*	−.27 (SE = 2.97), p = 1.0
TCQ	41.7 (11.37) [22–62]	Imputation analysis	29.47 (12.02) [11–57]	30.01 (10.37) [7–48)	1.05 [0.46, 1.60]	F(2, 37) = 13.87, p = .001^*	12.00 (SE = 2.63), p = .001^*	12.27 (SE = 2.86), p = .001^*	−.27 (SE = 2.97), p = 1.0

Note. Results from both the completers and imputation analysis are provided for comparison. TFI = Tinnitus Functional Index; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnarie-9; ISI = Insomnia Severity Index; EQ-5D = EuroQol measure; VAS = Visual Analogue Scale; THS = Tinnitus Hearing Screener; TCQ = Tinnitus Cognitions Questionnaire; N/A = not applicable.

Significance at p < .05.