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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Oct 27;131:1228–1242. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.031

Figure 2. The impact of stress on PV+ interneurons varies based on age, sex, and brain region.

Figure 2.

Schematic representation of the results of key studies assessing the influence of stress on PV+ interneurons, organized by brain region. Most studies assessing the influence of stress on PV+ interneurons focus on three brain regions highly integrated with the stress response: the hippocampus, the prefrontal cortex, and the amygdala. Exposure to stress largely decreases measures of PV+ interneurons and protein expression in the hippocampus. In the prefrontal cortex, stress in adult females is associated with an increased number of PV+ interneurons and increased PV protein expression. Less information is available regarding the effects of stress across the lifespan on PV+ interneurons in the amygdala. These differences in PV+ interneurons by sex, brain region, and phase of life contribute to the complex interactions between PV+ interneurons and chronic stress exposure.