Table 2. Unadjusted and Adjusted Average Annual RRs of Substance Use Among Pregnant and Postpartum Persons Living With HIV From 2007 to 2019.
| Substance | RR (95% CI) per calendar year | |
|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusteda | |
| Pregnancy | ||
| Alcohol | 0.99 (0.96-1.02) | 0.99 (0.95-1.02) |
| Marijuana | 1.06 (1.02-1.10) | 1.07 (1.03-1.10) |
| Alcohol and marijuana | 1.02 (0.97-1.09) | 1.02 (0.97-1.09) |
| Opioids | 0.97 (0.93-1.02) | 0.97 (0.93-1.02) |
| Postpartum | ||
| Alcohol | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) |
| Marijuana | 1.11 (1.06-1.15) | 1.11 (1.07-1.16) |
| Alcohol and marijuana | 1.10 (1.05-1.15) | 1.10 (1.05-1.15) |
Abbreviation: RR, relative risk.
a
Adjusted for maternal self-reported race, ethnicity, and age, accounting for additional pregnancies.