Table 1.

Participant characteristics and types of PIEDs used prior to lockdown

	Sample	Blast-Cruise		OR[t]	95% CI	p value
	(n = 60)	No (n = 17)	Yes (n = 43)
Mean age	26.69	27.56	26.37	[.616]	-	n.s
Mean BMI	26.20	25.27	26.20	[1.779]	-	n.s
Mean percentage body fat	15.00	15.60	15.13	.119	-0.5,0.6	n.s
Competed in a bodybuilding show (%)	11.7	94.5	86.7	0.4	0.1,3.5	n.s
Heterosexual (%)	95.0	94.5	95.4	1.3	0.1,15.1	n.s
Injectable (%; n)
Testosterone	70; 42	47.1	79.1	4.3	1.3,14.2	0.007
Trenbolone	28.3; 17	5.9	37.2	9.5	1.1,78.4	0.007
Boldenone	23.3; 14	11.8	27.9	2.9	0.5,14.7	n.s
Drostanolone	16.7; 10	5.9	20.9	4.2	0.5,36.4	n.s
Stanazolol	13.3; 8	6.3	14.0	2.6	0.3,23.3	n.s
Nandrolone	13.3; 8	11.8	16.3	1.5	0.3,7.8	n.s
Methenolone	5; 3	11.8	2.3	0.2	0.1,2.1	n.s
Oral (%; n)
Oxandrolone	28.3; 17	17.6	32.6	2.3	0.6,9.1	n.s
Metandienone	25; 15	17.6	27.9	1.8	0.4,7.4	n.s
Oxymetholone	13.3; 8	5.9	16.3	3.1	0.4,27.4	n.s
Stanazolol	11.7; 7	5.9	16.3	3.1	.4,27.4	n.s
Mesterolone	8.3; 5	5.9	9.3	1.6	0.2,15.8	n.s
Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone	1.7; 1	5.9	0.0	0.3	0.2,0.4	n.s
Fluoxymesterone	1.7; 1	0.0	2.3	0.7	0.6,0.8	n.s
Other PIEDs (%; n)
Clenbuterol	16.7; 10	5.9	20.9	4.2	0.5,36.4	n.s
Human-growth-hormone	10; 6	5.9	11.6	2.1	0.2,19.5	n.s
Peptides	10; 6	11.8	9.3	0.8	0.1,4.6	n.s
Insulin	8.3; 5	5.9	9.3	1.6	0.2,15.8	n.s
Prohormones	8.3; 5	0.0	11.6	0.7	0.6,0.8	n.s
Selective-androgen-receptor-modulators	6.7; 4	5.9	7.0	1.2	0.1,12.4	n.s
T3	5; 3	5.9	4.7	0.8	0.1,9.2	n.s
Insulin-like-growth-factor-1	5; 3	5.9	4.7	0.8	0.1,9.2	n.s

Specific p values available from authors on request