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. 2021 Dec 4;12:593. doi: 10.1186/s13287-021-02654-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — Assessment of metabolic changes in iPSC-ECs following e-cig treatment. A qPCR validation of FAO genes following e-cig treatment (6.5 TPE). B FAO, C glycolysis, and D glucose uptakes of iPSC-ECs following e-cig exposure (6.5 TPE) for 24 h (n = 3). Representative images and corresponding quantitative data of control and e-cig-treated cells taken with a fluorescence microscope (E, F) or flow cytometry (G). Live cells were stained with MitoTracker Red and MitoView Green. H ATP levels in cells treated with vehicle or e-cig (6.5 TPE) and/or 1.5 µM of oligomycin A for 48 h. Data are represented as mean ± SD, and * and ** indicate p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively. Scale bars = 100 μm