Table 1.
Comparison of modified liposomes
| Other liposomes | Advantage | Disadvantage |
|---|---|---|
| Immunoliposomes | ||
| Liposomes loaded with a drug are conjugated with monoclonal antibody that is set to target specific cells. | Selective drug targeting to cancer cells to target tumor specific antigen | Induction of immunogenicity |
| Modification of the exterior of the liposomes increases affinity to the targeted tumor cells and the antibody enhanced the therapeutic index | Rapid clearance due to non-specific uptake by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) | |
| Low therapeutic efficiency due to reduced cancer cell penetration because of binding site barrier effect or receptor downregulation | ||
| lack of internalization and poor stability while in circulation | ||
| Virosomes | ||
| Noncovalent combination of a liposome and a fusogenic viral envelope replication | Efficient cell binding, internalization and drug release to cytoplasm | Toxicity, stability leakiness and Immunogenicity |
| Efficient intracellular delivery of various drugs, cytotoxic drugs, toxoids, and various antigens | ||
| Gene based liposomes | ||
| Consist of positive charge liposomes and a DNA or functional gene | Suitable for gene delivery | Low efficiency gene transfer and expression in vivo as compared to viral vectors |
| Clearance of cationic liposomes through the endosomes | ||
| Overcomes challenges associated with mutagenicity and immunogenicity of virosomes | Lack of targeting to a specific tissue | |
| Toxicity of cationic lipids |
Information in Table 1 is a summary of the studies from Çağdaş et al. (2014), Onodera et al. (2014), Kuo and Tsao (2017), Elsana et al. (2019), Harilal et al. (2019), and Mourtas et al. (2019).