Table 4:
Factors Associated with Health-related Quality of Life in Asian/ Pacific Islander Survivors
| Physical Function | Role Physical | Bodily Pain | General Health | Vitality | Social Functioning | Role Emotional | Mental Health | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| Demographic variables § | ||||||||||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||||||||||
| Male (ref) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Female | −1.02 (−2.92, 0.87) |
0.29 | −1.98 (−4.53, 0.58) |
0.13 | −0.92 (−3.48, 1.65) |
0.49 | −1.98 (−5.61, 1.66) |
0.29 | 0.02 (−2.96, 3.00) |
0.99 | −0.73 (−3.60, 2.14) |
0.62 | 0.56 (−2.84, 3.96) |
0.75 | −0.78 (−3.94, 2.38) |
0.63 |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| Age at evaluation (years) | ||||||||||||||||
| < 25 (ref) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||
| 25–34 | 0.40 (−1.76, 2.56) |
0.72 | 0.21 (−3.01, 3.44) |
0.90 | −0.68 (−4.04, 2.69) |
0.69 | −5.95 (−10.73, −1.18) |
0.015 | −0.75 (−4.98, 3.48) |
0.73 | −1.91 (−5.87, 2.05) |
0.34 | 1.23 (−3.25, 5.72) |
0.59 | −2.11 (−6.45, 2.24) |
0.34 |
| 35–44 | 2.85 (−1.73, 7.42) |
0.22 | 1.15 (−3.78, 6.08) |
0.65 | −0.32 (−5.74, 5.10) |
0.91 | −1.70 (−8.38, 4.99) |
0.62 | 3.21 (−2.57, 8.99) |
0.28 | 2.87 (−2.66, 8.40) |
0.31 | 2.36 (−4.29, 9.01) |
0.49 | 2.59 (−3.75, 8.94) |
0.42 |
| ≥45 | 8.74 (3.40, 14.07) |
0.001 | 6.03 (0.62, 11.44) |
0.029 | −7.47 (−13.68, −1.27) |
0.018 | 6.27 (−0.71, 13.25) |
0.08 | 21.57 (15.63, 27.51) |
<0.001 | 6.57 (0.92, 12.22) |
0.023 | −1.83 (−8.38, 4.72) |
0.58 | 9.35 (2.62, 16.08) |
0.006 |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| Age at diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0–4 (ref) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| 5–9 | −1.70 (−4.33, 0.93) |
0.21 | 0.80 (−1.86, 3.47) |
0.55 | −0.35 (−3.78, 3.08) |
0.84 | 2.29 (−2.63, 7.20) |
0.36 | −0.84 (−5.15, 3.46) |
0.70 | 0.70 (−3.36, 4.76) |
0.74 | −0.19 (−4.40, 4.01) |
0.93 | 0.62 (−3.92, 5.16) |
0.79 |
| 10–14 | −7.34 (−11.24, 3.44) |
<0.001 | −3.25 (−7.84, 1.35) |
0.17 | −3.87 (−8.31, 0.57) |
0.088 | −2.07 (−8.05, 3.91) |
0.50 | −4.91 (−10.18, 0.37) |
0.07 | −4.27 (−9.83, 1.30) |
0.13 | −4.02 (−10.11, 2.07) |
0.20 | −4.01 (−10.28, 2.27) |
0.21 |
| 15–18 | −6.62 (−11.53, −1.71) |
0.008 | −3.12 (−8.38, 2.14) |
0.25 | −3.25 (−9.25, 2.74) |
0.29 | −2.07 (−9.07, 4.92) |
0.56 | −2.61 (−8.04, 2.83) |
0.35 | −1.44 (−6.81, 3.94) |
0.60 | 0.74 (−5.55, 7.02) |
0.82 | 3.22 (−2.91, 9.35) |
0.30 |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| Cancer diagnosis * | ||||||||||||||||
| Others (ref) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||
| Leukemia | 0.85 (−0.97, 2.67) |
0.36 | 1.73 (−0.93, 4.38) |
0.20 | 1.38 (−1.29, 4.06) |
0.31 | −1.09 (−4.86, 2.69) |
0.57 | 2.47 (−0.70, 5.64) |
0.13 | 0.92 (−2.14, 3.98) |
0.56 | 0.48 (−3.05, 4.02) |
0.79 | 0.79 (−2.55, 4.12) |
0.64 |
| CNS tumor | −3.14 (−7.04, 0.77) |
0.12 | −0.07 (−3.54, 3.39) |
0.97 | 0.19 (−3.62, 3.99) |
0.92 | −3.55 (−8.12, 1.02) |
0.13 | 1.28 (−2.94, 5.51) |
0.55 | −2.08 (−6.13, 1.97) |
0.32 | −1.71 (−6.62, 3.20) |
0.49 | −2.14 (−6.48, 2.20) |
0.33 |
|
Treatment variables Ɨ | ||||||||||||||||
| Chemotherapy | ||||||||||||||||
| IT Methotrexate | ||||||||||||||||
| No (referent) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||
| Yes | 4.12 (2.01, 6.22) |
0.001 | 3.42 (0.30, 6.53) |
0.031 | 4.06 (1.09, 7.03) |
0.007 | 0.17 (−4.19, 4.53) |
0.94 | 4.40 (0.85, 7.96) |
0.015 | 1.44 (−2.22, 5.10) |
0.44 | 2.68 (−1.36, 6.71) |
0.19 | 3.51 (−0.75, 7.76) |
0.11 |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| IV Methotrexate | ||||||||||||||||
| No (referent) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||
| Yes | −2.93 (−5.01, −0.84) |
0.006 | −2.44 (−5.51, 0.63) |
0.12 | −0.81 (−3.71, 2.09) |
0.58 | −1.05 (−5.12, 3.02) |
0.61 | −3.27 (−6.57, 0.03) |
.052 | −0.48 (−4.06, 3.10) |
0.79 | −5.45 (−9.75-, −1.16) |
0.013 | −1.04 (−5.22, 3.14) |
0.62 |
|
| ||||||||||||||||
| Cranial Radiation ‖ | ||||||||||||||||
| None (referent) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||
| <18 Gy | 0.44 (−6.70, 7.59) |
0.90 |
2.06 (−2.71, 6.84) |
0.40 | 1.24 (−3.57, 6.05) |
0.61 | −5.79 (−10.98, −0.60) |
0.029 | −1.16 (−7.00, 4.67) |
0.70 | 0.30 (−3.84, 4.43) |
0.89 | 0.81 (−5.92, 7.53) |
0.81 | −0.28 (−7.49, 6.93) |
0.94 |
| 18–23.9 Gy | −3.04 (−7.01, 0.92) |
0.13 | 0.03 (−3.45, 3.51) |
0.99 | −7.34 (−11.39, −3.29) |
0.001 | 0.30 (−4.48, 5.09) |
0.90 | −3.27 (−8.45, 1.90) |
0.22 | 0.41 (−3.53, 4.36) |
0.84 | 3.06 (−1.74, 7.85) |
0.21 | −0.03 (−3.86-, 3.81) |
0.99 |
| 24–49.9 Gy | −0.58 (−4.57, 3.42) |
0.78 | −2.84 (−9.01, 3.33) |
0.37 | −0.74 (−6.39, 4.90) |
0.80 | −3.90 (−10.55, 2.76) |
0.25 | 0.81 (−3.25, 4.87) |
0.70 | 1.70 (−2.74, 6.14) |
0.45 |
−0.88 (−7.72, 5.95) |
0.80 | 2.38 (−1.96, 6.73) |
0.28 |
| ≥50 Gy | −3.82 (−9.16, 1.52) |
0.16 | −0.81 (−4.58, 2.96) |
0.67 |
0.09 (−4.63, 4.81) |
0.97 |
−6.73 (−12.64, −0.81) |
0.026 | −0.09 (−5.14, 4.97) |
0.97 | −1.15 (−6.43, 4.14) |
0.67 | −1.61 (−7.03, 3.81) |
0.56 | −2.05 (−7.39, 3.30) |
0.45 |
CNS: central nervous system; Est: estimate; IT: intrathecal; IV: intravenous; ref: referent; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval
†
Refers to estimate of the difference in scores. A negative estimate indicates that the group with the variable of interest reported poorer quality of life than the referent group
Outcomes were analyzed adjusting for
§
demographic variables
*
demographic variables and cancer diagnoses; and
Ɨ
demographic variables and treatment variables